Description du projet
De nouvelles informations sur l’évolution des comportements
Comment évoluent les mécanismes responsables du développement neuronal, et quels sont leurs effets sur la diversité neuronale? Voici l’une des questions fondamentales à laquelle le projet BehaEvoDevo, financé par l’UE, tentera de répondre. Il compte étudier l’évolution et le développement du comportement en utilisant le système visuel des insectes comme modèle, et plus particulièrement le système visuel de la drosophile. Les travaux de BehaEvoDevo permettront de réaliser la première évaluation complète des mécanismes moteurs de l’évolution de nouveaux comportements chez les insectes. L’initiative proposera également un schéma directeur dont la communauté pourra se saisir pour comparer ses données à différents clades de l’arbre phylogénétique et selon plusieurs modalités sensorielles.
Objectif
One of the holy grails of neuroscience is to understand how complex behaviours arise. However, surprisingly little is known about how behaviours evolve. My proposal will delve into Behavioural Evolution and Development (BehaEvoDevo) in an unbiased and comprehensive way using the insect visual system as a model. The visual system of Drosophila has been described extensively in terms of cell type composition, development, circuitry, and behaviour. My expertise in this system will be the springboard to address four fundamental questions: 1) How different is the cell type composition in the brains of different animals? 2) How do the mechanisms that are responsible for neuronal development evolve and how do they affect neuronal diversity? 3) What are the differences in the circuitry that underlies specific behaviours in different animals? 4) How do differences in neuronal composition, neuronal features, or circuitry drive different behaviours? I will combine cutting edge techniques, such as single-cell sequencing, with advanced genetic tools in Drosophila, and adapt innovative tools for genetic manipulation and circuit function in different non-model insects. I will compare how cell type composition, neuronal specification and differentiation, as well as circuitry, affect specific behaviours. I will examine phylogenetically diverse insects to generate a deep understanding of the mechanisms that are most important for the evolution of different behaviours. Moreover, I will identify fundamental principles about how developmental processes, such as neuronal specification and differentiation, evolve to control different behaviours. The cumulative results of this proposal will offer the first comprehensive assessment of the mechanisms that drive evolution of new behaviours across insects; it will also generate a blueprint for the community to compare their data in different clades of the phylogenetic tree as well as to different sensory modalities.
Champ scientifique
Programme(s)
Thème(s)
Régime de financement
ERC-STG - Starting GrantInstitution d’accueil
75794 Paris
France