Descrizione del progetto
Spianare la strada all’ammoniaca rinnovabile
L’ammoniaca ecologica, prodotta tramite un processo completamente privo di carbonio nonché rinnovabile al 100 %, è molto utilizzata per la produzione di fertilizzanti agricoli. La sua densità di energia per unità di volume risulta quasi il doppio rispetto all’idrogeno e, oltretutto, la sua spedizione, il suo stoccaggio e la sua distribuzione avvengono in maniera molto più semplice. Il progetto HiPowAR, finanziato dall’UE, svilupperà un reattore per la conversione diretta di energia dall’ammoniaca in energia. In particolare, il progetto elaborerà e validerà un nuovo processo basato su un reattore a membrana, che si dimostra semplice e più conveniente rispetto a quello di una cella a combustibile a ossido solido. L’obiettivo è quello di favorire l’accettazione dell’ammoniaca quale combustibile sintetico senza emissioni di CO2, incentivando l’impiego delle tecnologie alimentate ad ammoniaca.
Obiettivo
Renewable ammonia is considered increasingly as a carbon-free green fuel opening up the path to a new nitrogen-based energy economy. Its energy density by volume is nearly twofold compared to hydrogen with easier shipping, storage and distribution. As the market grows due to efforts of various companies (e.g. YARA) into greening the production process, the distribution routes for importing ammonia and ammonia fueling technologies will follow suit. The proposal shall promote the acceptance of ammonia as a synthetic fuel without CO2 emissions. It focuses on a breakthrough in the direct energy conversion from NH3 fuel to power. For that purpose, a new promising process based on a membrane reactor will be realized and characterized experimentally. The process is comparable to a fuel cell with an inner short circuit but without any typical electrical interconnections avoiding electrical losses. Therefore, the system is much simpler and less expensive than a SOFC (Solid oxide fuel cell). The chemical energy of liquid ammonia is converted into a highly compressed gas (N2 + H2O) through a so-called self-pressurizing combustion in a pressure vessel with constant volume. The power is collected by the work of expansion using a gas expander, e.g. in a gas expander like a steam turbine or engine. Since high pressure enhances the total process efficiency, membrane reactor consists of tubular ceramic membranes able to withstand very high outside gas pressure. The membranes are conductive for oxide ions and electronic charge carriers and realize the inner electrical short circuit in a single element. They are also called MIEC (Mixed Ionic Electronic Conductor), ITM (Ion transporting Membranes), OTM (Oxygen transporting Membranes). Comparable to the fuel cell, thermodynamic efficiency of the process is not restricted. In contrast to internal combustion engines, steam power plants or other processes based on cycling of a working fluid, a much higher efficiency is expected.
Campo scientifico
- natural scienceschemical scienceselectrochemistryelectrolysis
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelssynthetic fuels
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsfuel cells
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsenergy conversion
Parole chiave
Programma(i)
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Vedi altri progetti per questo bandoBando secondario
H2020-EIC-FETPROACT-2019
Meccanismo di finanziamento
RIA - Research and Innovation actionCoordinatore
17489 Greifswald
Germania