Description du projet
Développer des connaissances sur les émissions de nanoparticules générées par les transports
Pour améliorer la qualité de l’air, l’Europe se montre sévère à l’égard des émissions. Les normes d’émission applicables aux véhicules routiers ont été introduites dans les années 1970. Au fil des ans, les mesures ont été renforcées et étendues à tous les modes de transport. L’accent est désormais mis sur les émissions de particules hors échappement. Le projet nPETS, financé par l’UE, va examiner les émissions inférieures à 100 nm depuis leur production jusqu’au chemin potentiel vers les êtres humains et les animaux. La caractérisation des émissions sera entreprise dans les secteurs du transport maritime, routier, ferroviaire et aérien en corrélant leur taille, leur composition chimique et leur morphologie à des sources d’émission spécifiques telles que les moteurs, les freins, les embrayages et les pneumatiques. Cela permettra de déterminer les risques indésirables posés par les différents types et sources de particules inférieures à 100 nm identifiées, ceci afin de quantifier les risques avec précision.
Objectif
Air pollution in European cities is still threatening human health, even though EU emission directives have been sharpened over the last 25 years. Adverse health effects of airborne particles are strongly linked to their size. A major fraction of outdoor ultrafine particles is traffic generated from road, rail, air, and sea transportation. The story that nPETS aims to communicate is the life of the sub 100 nm emissions from its creation to its potential path to human beings and animals. The nPETS consortium aims to improve the knowledge of transport generated exhaust and non-exhaust nanoparticle emissions and their impacts on health and new public policies.
It aims to monitor and sample with state-of-the-art particle instruments the sub 100 nm transport generated emissions from shipping, road, rail, and aviation both in field and controlled laboratory environments. Both aged and fresh aerosols will be considered, including primary and secondary volatile and non-volatile particles. Characterising the emissions will be done from shipping, road, rail, and aviation by linking their sizes, chemical compositions, and morphologies to its specific emission sources such as engines, brakes, clutches, and tyres to increase the understanding of the mechanisms behind adverse risks posed by different types and sources of the identified sub 100 nm particles. The effects of nanoparticles from various transport modes and fuels, as well as specific emission sources, will be compared with a focus on markers of relevance for carcinogenesis and inflammation. Living cells will be exposed to collected and real-world primary and aged aerosols as well as primary and aged aerosols generated in the laboratory.
Furthermore, it also aims to evaluate the possible future impact of new policies in this area on public health and linking the impacts with specific emission sources. This should lead to an understanding and quantification of the risks posed by different types and sources.
Champ scientifique
- social sciencespolitical sciencespolitical policiespublic policies
- medical and health scienceshealth sciencespublic health
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringair pollution engineering
- engineering and technologynanotechnologynano-materials
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuels
Programme(s)
Régime de financement
RIA - Research and Innovation actionCoordinateur
100 44 Stockholm
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