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Contenuto archiviato il 2024-05-14

Transgenic mouse and rat models for alzheimer's disease

Obiettivo



The proposal aims to develop transgenic mouse and rats as experimental models for Alzheimer's Disease (AD), to study the mechanism of formation and the functional consequences (cellular, tissular and behavioral) of mutations in the Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) and the Presenilin-1 protein (PS-1). Arguments for a central role of APP in the etiology of AD are: (i) mutations in the APP gene cause severe forms of early onset familial Alzheimer's disease (EOFAD), inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion; (ii) biochemically, APP is the precursor of the ßamyloid peptide, the major constituent of amyloid plaques in the brain of AD patients and (iii) in all Down's syndrome patients (trisomy 21) supporting the hypothesis that overexpression of APP by a gene-dosage effect, or mutations force APP into abnormal metabolic pathways. Abnormal metabolism of APP could result from disturbing its intracellular sorting and/or processing.
The very recently demonstrated mutations in the Presenilin genes in different EOFAD cases, identified 2 hitherto unknown genes of unknown function, thereby adding complexity to the problem of AD but also creating a new molecular approach to understand the mechanisms involved in the etiology of AD. By in depth analysis and comparative testing of different APP and PS-1 transgenic mouse and rat strains, the mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration will be delineated.
Overexpression of mutant forms of APP and of PS-1 will be done with mini-gene constructs of cDNA using an engineered mouse Thy-1 gene promoter, directing expression of the transgene specifically to the brain in transgenic mice. Two participants are fully operational in generating transgenic mice and rats. Brains of transgenic animals will be analysed molecularly,
immunohistochemically and biochemically. For this and for behavioral testing an expert lab is participating since careful, comprehensive analysis of the different transgenic mice strains is necessary, allowing for statistical comparison. The fourth participant deals with all aspects of experimental somatic gene therapy aimed at brain, using viral vectors and transplantation of engineered cells. The fifth participant is expert in genetic analysis, i.e. APP and PS-1 genes on chromosome 21 and 14 respectively and in cell-biology of APP. The transgenic mouse and rat strains will be used to study the chronology of formation of amyloid plaques (not possible in patients); to establish the relation of ß-amyloid plaques to lesions typical in AD (neurofibrillary tangles, abnormally phosphorylated tau, neuronal degeneration); to test trophic factors (e.g. NGF), enzymes of oxidative metabolism (e.g. SOD) and pharmaca (in collaboration with industrial partners) for prevention of formation of ßA4-peptide or other neurotoxic fragments of APP or to counteract their consequences; to breed different transgenic strains to study synergistic genetic effects (genes other than APP, e.g. ApoE4; from other transgenic mouse strains under construction); derive primary cultures and stable cell-lines from the brain of transgenic mice or rats to study APP metabolism, ß-amyloid peptide production, neuronal differentiation and degeneration in-vitro.

Campo scientifico (EuroSciVoc)

CORDIS classifica i progetti con EuroSciVoc, una tassonomia multilingue dei campi scientifici, attraverso un processo semi-automatico basato su tecniche NLP. Cfr.: Il Vocabolario Scientifico Europeo.

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Coordinatore

FLANDERS INTERUNIVERSITY INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY VZW
Contributo UE
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Indirizzo
498BUS1,Herestraat 49 KUL / Campus Gasthuisberg
3000 LOUVAIN / LEUVEN
Belgio

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Partecipanti (3)

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