Ziel
C1 and C2 Non Biodegradable Chlorinated hydrocarbon Solvents (NBCS), such as methylene chloride, trichloroethylene tetrachloroethylene, chloroform, methyl chloroform, etc, are difficult to replace because they have influence in process reaction and are compatible with most substrate materials; also, traditional treatment methods to remove them from industrial process water as stripping, adsorption by activated carbon, biological treatment, thermal or catalytic oxidation and chemical oxidation have strong inconveniences or limitations in the treatment of low concentration of organic pollutants (from 20 to 50 ppm). Now industry is minimizing or eliminating solvents to cut hazardous waste costs as well as chemical emissions. Emission Limit Values (ELV) are based on the Best Available Techniques (BAT), recognized as feasible from a technical and economical point of view and reasonably accessible to the operator. As multimedia regulations continue to be promulgated, the approach to environmental management where treatment methods simply transfer contaminants from one medium to another becomes an increasingly unstable option.
The objective of this project is the development, up to commercial level, of solar detoxification technology to make feasible the photocatalytic treatment of non biodegradable persistent chlorinated water contaminants typically found in effluents from chemical production processes. The basic idea of the project is the development of a Solar Detoxification System, based on the simple inexpensive and efficient non concentrating solar collector technology (such as the compound parabolic collector and flat collectors with tubular photoreactors) which seems the best technological solution to Solar Detoxification Systems as static collectors can capture the diffuse UV sunlight as well as the direct beam (the diffuse component can make up 50% of the total available UV light, even on a clear day, and the UV available in a cloudy day could be no less than one half than in a clear day). When the UV radiation of the solar spectrum is used, the beauty of the Solar Detoxification System, which can destroy many of the most "difficult" persistent organic pollutants, is its intrinsic simplicity, being also cost effective, easy to use, and requiring minimal capital investment; the reaction takes place when UV radiation photo excites a semiconductor catalyst in the presence of oxygen; in these circumstances hydroxyl radicals, OH , are generated which attack oxidizable contaminants producing a progressive breaking up of molecules into carbon dioxide, water and diluted mineral acids. In addition to assessing destruction capabilities, fielf demonstration is intended to identify any pre or post processing requirements, potential operating problems, and capital and operating costs. As the existing technology in Solar Detoxification came from the solar thermal technology just with some minor modifications, the State of the Art is still lacking specific technological developments which we expect can increase the present efficiency by a factor of 3. These specific technological developments are the focus and the main innovations of this project:
High UV transmissivity glass reactor (up to 90 %, 1 mm wall
thickness) in the solar UV range (310 to 400 nm)
Solar collector upgrading design to minimize land required avoiding losses by collector shadows.
Catalyst upgrading and supporting
Highly UV reflective surface (up to 95 %)
Demonstration of technical and economical feasibility under real conditions.
It is expected that commercial systems ready for industrial use will be available within two years after termination of the project, and typical applications will use from 50 to a few hundred square meters field. The partners are convinced that this seems to be a unique opportunity to the industrial development of a remarkable
environmental technology (the process works even with clouds as the UV radiation is not absorbed by atmospheric water and reaches the earth surface as diffuse component), the embryo of which has been developed by other EU Programs. The technology is also ecological as all the components are very simple and common materials. Also, first market estimations shows a huge potential due to the number of possible applications of the technology. The consortium comprises a solar collector manufacturer (SETSOL), components manufacturers (SCHOTT, CISE), user of the technology (HIDROCEN/HIDRONOR) and an environmental & engineering consulting company (ECOSYSTEM), with the assistance of a worldwide recognized researcher in photocatalysis (UNITO), and solar facilities to process scaling up (DLR in the North of Europe and CIEMAT in the South) .
Wissenschaftliches Gebiet (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS klassifiziert Projekte mit EuroSciVoc, einer mehrsprachigen Taxonomie der Wissenschaftsbereiche, durch einen halbautomatischen Prozess, der auf Verfahren der Verarbeitung natürlicher Sprache beruht. Siehe: https://op.europa.eu/en/web/eu-vocabularies/euroscivoc.
CORDIS klassifiziert Projekte mit EuroSciVoc, einer mehrsprachigen Taxonomie der Wissenschaftsbereiche, durch einen halbautomatischen Prozess, der auf Verfahren der Verarbeitung natürlicher Sprache beruht. Siehe: https://op.europa.eu/en/web/eu-vocabularies/euroscivoc.
- NaturwissenschaftenChemiewissenschaftenKatalysePhotokatalyse
- NaturwissenschaftenChemiewissenschaftenElektrochemieElektrolyse
- NaturwissenschaftenChemiewissenschaftenorganische ChemieKohlenwasserstoff
- Technik und TechnologieWerkstofftechnik
- Technik und TechnologieUmwelttechnikEnergie und Kraftstoffeerneuerbare EnergieSolarenergieSolarthermie
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