Descrizione del progetto
La ricerca dell’ago nel nostro pagliaio primordiale
Per «inflazione» si intende l’ipotetica rapida espansione dell’universo in seguito al Big Bang. La radiazione cosmica di fondo (CMB, cosmic microwave background) è il residuo della prima luce che è stata in grado di viaggiare liberamente nell’universo. Essa è stata emessa poco dopo il verificarsi del Big Bang ed è pertanto la più antica osservabile. Le onde gravitazionali potrebbero aver lasciato la propria traccia sulla CMB sotto forma di deboli anisotropie specifiche nella polarizzazione di tale radiazione, le cosiddette B-mode, ma esse devono tuttora essere individuate. Con il sostegno del programma di azioni Marie Skłodowska-Curie, il progetto CMB-INFLATE sta concentrando l’attenzione su innovazioni relative all’analisi e alla modellizzazione dei dati in grado di portare all’individuazione dei meccanismi alla base dell’inflazione cosmica, consentendo la realizzazione di esperimenti futuri a grandi scale angolari.
Obiettivo
The cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation was emitted when the Universe was 380,000 years old and is observed today at 2.7 K. It is a wonderful probe to study the evolution of the Universe. Tiny anisotropies in its temperature and polarization are induced by quantum scalar (density) and tensor fluctuations (gravitational waves, GW) generated during inflation, a period of accelerated expansion arising 10-35 s after the big bang. Primordial GW imprinted a unique parity-odd pattern on CMB polarization, called B-modes. Such modes, undetected as of today, are a direct probe of the poorly known physics of inflation, and main target of several forthcoming observational projects. These will be search for B-modes at large (> 10°) and intermediate (~1°) angular scales. Among such efforts, Japan is proposing a satellite project (LiteBIRD, to be launched end 20's) with contributions from EU agencies, NASA and CSA. Large angular scales are difficult to measure due to Galactic emissions and instrumental systematics, requiring careful, detailed modelling and advanced data analysis techniques. EU scientists rely on the legacy of the ESA Planck mission (2009), but improvements of analysis methods and modelling of the instruments are now required. The main goal of CMB-INFLATE is to build a community of scientists dedicated to the development of innovative analysis of large angular scale CMB polarisation data to identify the inflation mechanism. CMB-INFLATE will focus on: (1) modelling hardware developed in three continents, including polarization modulators, optical systems, and detectors; (2) the development and implementation of innovative techniques to mitigate systematics from the sky and the instrument. Such advancements will be provided by a wide-scale international consortium involving instrumentalists, data analysis experts and theoreticians. The CMB-INFLATE outcome is expected to strengthen European leadership in the field of primordial GW and connected science.
Campo scientifico
- engineering and technologyelectrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineeringelectronic engineeringsensorsoptical sensors
- natural sciencesphysical sciencesastronomyobservational astronomygravitational waves
- engineering and technologyelectrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineeringelectronic engineeringsignal processing
- natural sciencesphysical sciencesastronomyphysical cosmologybig bang
- natural sciencescomputer and information sciencesdata sciencedata processing
Parole chiave
Programma(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
MSCA-RISE - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (RISE)Coordinatore
75006 Paris
Francia