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Implications of tissue stiffness in growth control during limb regeneration in salamanders (Ambystoma mexicanum)

Projektbeschreibung

Die Rolle der proximodistalen Achse bei der Fähigkeit zur Geweberegeneration

Amputierte Strukturen, die weiter vom Rumpf entfernt sind, regenerieren in der Regel langsamer als solche, die sich näher am Rumpf befinden. Als Grund dafür wird das Vorliegen eines Differentialgradienten von Zelloberflächenmolekülen vermutet, der möglicherweise zur Veränderung von interzellulären Adhäsionen führt. Das EU-finanzierte Projekt ProxDistReg zielt darauf ab, die biomechanischen Eigenschaften von Geweben zu untersuchen und herauszufinden, wie diese sich auf die Geweberegeneration auswirken. Anhand der Salamanderart Axolotl mexicanum als Modellorganismus werden die Forschenden eine umfassende Analyse von amputierten Gliedmaßen auf zellbiologischer, physiologischer und genexpressionsbezogener Ebene durchführen. Die Arbeit wird wichtige Erkenntnisse über die Geweberegeneration liefern und zur zukünftigen Entwicklung von biologischen Werkstoffen beitragen.

Ziel

In several regenerating organisms it has been observed that distally amputated structures grow slower than proximally amputated ones, resulting in an overall time of regeneration that is independent of the tissue to be reformed. This observation suggests that cell proliferation or cell size could be adjusted with the plane of amputation along the proximo-distal (PD) axis, leading to an interesting scaling behaviour. It has been proposed that positional identity in the limb may be encoded as a proximal-to-distal gradient of cell surface molecules, that would in turn alter intercellular adhesions. Thus, it is possible that such differential adhesions are associated to the control of cell growth during regeneration. The central aim of this proposal is to address this question by combining cell biology, mathematical and physical tools, with the ultimate goal of understanding how the biomechanical properties of tissues affect regeneration, which may have important implications for the design of biomaterials aimed at being used for regenerative medicine.
We will tackle this question in the highly regenerative salamander species Axolotl mexicanum, in which limb regeneration is initiated regardless of the amputation plane, and the regenerating limb grows until its size matches the contralateral undamaged one. We will evaluate growth rate and cell cycle of regenerating limbs amputated at different levels, and mathematically describe cell proliferation patterns. We will characterize several cell surface and extracellular matrix molecules along the PD axis, and measure tissue mechanics in vivo. Furthermore, we will for the first time, evaluate the Hippo pathway in salamanders, an important modulator of cell growth in response to several physical inputs, as the causal link between increased tissue stiffness and decreased proliferation.

Koordinator

TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET DRESDEN
Netto-EU-Beitrag
€ 174 806,40
Adresse
HELMHOLTZSTRASSE 10
01069 Dresden
Deutschland

Auf der Karte ansehen

Region
Sachsen Dresden Dresden, Kreisfreie Stadt
Aktivitätstyp
Higher or Secondary Education Establishments
Links
Gesamtkosten
€ 174 806,40