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CORDIS

Evolution of the interaction between mitochondrial and nuclear genomes in bumblebees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus): the importance of numts and heteroplasmy

Projektbeschreibung

Einblicke in die Interaktion zwischen mitochondrialem und nukleärem Genom bei Hummeln

Segmente nukleärer mitochondrialer DNA, kurz NUMT-Sequenzen, sind nicht-funktionale Kopien von Genen mitochondrialen Ursprungs im Kerngenom, und als Heteroplasmie wird das Vorhandensein verschiedener mitochondrialer Genotypen im selben Organismus bezeichnet. Obwohl es sich dabei um völlig unterschiedliche molekulare Phänomene handelt, können beide bei evolutionären Studien sowohl Hindernisse darstellen als auch als neue Instrumente dienen. EVOBOMICS ist ein EU-finanziertes Projekt, das darauf abzielt, NUMT, Heteroplasmie, nukleäre und mitochondriale Genome aus einer evolutionären Perspektive zu untersuchen. Das Forschungsteam wird NUMT und Heteroplasmie bei Hummeln erkunden. Die Projektergebnisse im Zusammenhang mit der kombinierten Sequenzierung von mitochondrialen und nukleären Genomen werden dazu beitragen, deren Evolution und Interaktion zu verstehen.

Ziel

Cutting edge sequencing technology enables, for the first time, the characterization of high quality numts (non-functional copies of genes of mitochondrial origin present in the nuclear genome) and heteroplasmy (the presence of different mitochondrial genotypes in the same organism). Although they are completely distinct molecular phenomena, both can be at the same time obstacles and new tools for evolutionary studies. EVOBOMICS is three projects in one, in which numts, heteroplasmy and genomes (nuclear and mitochondrial) will be studied at the same time and from an evolutionary perspective. The following hypotheses will be tested: i) Numts and heteroplasmy are common in a target model taxon (bumblebees); ii) The number of numts in any given species will increase/decrease proportionately with its nuclear genome size; iii) Ancestral numts are related to speciation events, and thus provide a novel tool for constructing and investigating phylogenies; iv) Numts can be used as molecular marker for phylogenomic reconstruction as truly RGCs (rare genomic changes); v) Heteroplasmy is not a temporary state and is shared among close related species; vi) Heteroplasmy can interfere in species delimitation and is related to speciation events.
My previous experience and preliminary results ensure the feasibility of EVOBOMICS. During my PhD in Brazil, I initiated an unprecedented and unique research programme into the evolution of mitochondrial genomes, with a focus on numts and heteroplasmy in bees. So far, five articles have been published. Together, these studies suggest that numts and heteroplasmy are common phenomena in bees, and this is likely to be representative of many other taxa. These studies had to be interrupted due to motherhood, but now, EVOBOMICS will give me the opportunity to develop this new research area using innovative methodological approaches, and to update and improve my skills, providing a key stepping stone for my career in Evolutionary Biology.

Koordinator

ROYAL HOLLOWAY AND BEDFORD NEW COLLEGE
Netto-EU-Beitrag
€ 224 933,76
Adresse
EGHAM HILL UNIVERSITY OF LONDON
TW20 0EX Egham
Vereinigtes Königreich

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Region
South East (England) Surrey, East and West Sussex West Surrey
Aktivitätstyp
Higher or Secondary Education Establishments
Links
Gesamtkosten
€ 224 933,76