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Ancient viruses in thawing permafrost: who are they and how do they impact present-day ecosystems?

Descripción del proyecto

Resurgimiento de virus largo tiempo inactivos que infectan bacterias

Los virus atrapados bajo el permafrost durante millones de años podrían resurgir a medida que se calienta la Tierra. La liberación de estos virus antiguos puede afectar directamente a la dinámica poblacional de los hospedadores actuales. El proyecto financiado con fondos europeos PermAVirThaw pretende descubrir qué virus están almacenados en el permafrost y a qué hospedadores pueden infectar. Los virus que infectan a plantas y animales pueden suponer grandes amenazas para la economía y la salud humana. El proyecto averiguará cómo varían la presencia y abundancia de estos virus según el tipo y la edad del permafrost por todo el Ártico. También cuantificará qué capacidad tienen las partículas víricas extraídas del permafrost de infectar a las bacterias actuales y medirá su impacto en el papel de las bacterias en el ciclo del carbono.

Objetivo

Around 17% of the Earth’s terrestrial surface is composed of permafrost, characterized by frozen ground for at least two consecutive years. Humanity has left Pandora's freezer door open⁠. With the poles warming 3-times faster than the rest of the world, permafrost is being rapidly lost, potentially releasing ancient microbes locked in frozen soil. Accumulated evidences show that microbes, including viruses, locked in ancient permafrost can stay viable over millennia. However, little is known about viruses that froze alongside many of these microbial communities, and their release due to permafrost thaw may directly affect the population dynamics of present-day hosts. To understand these impacts, we need to determine which viruses are archived in permafrost and which hosts they can infect. Viruses infecting plants and animals might pose major economic and human health threats whereas viruses infecting microbes can transform ecological systems on which we rely. Therefore, the Fellowship goals are i) to determine how the virosphere varies with permafrost age and type across the Arctic; ii) to quantify the capacity of virions extracted from permafrost to infect present-day microbes; and iii) to measure the impact of permafrost extracted virions on present-day microbial community diversity and carbon cycling. The main outcomes will be large-scale knowledge on the composition of the ancient permafrost virosphere and the influence of age (including palaeoenvironment) on virus persistence and diversity, as well as their capacity to infect present-day microbes and change biogeochemical cycles.

Coordinador

THE CHANCELLOR MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE
Aportación neta de la UEn
€ 212 933,76
Dirección
TRINITY LANE THE OLD SCHOOLS
CB2 1TN Cambridge
Reino Unido

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Región
East of England East Anglia Cambridgeshire CC
Tipo de actividad
Higher or Secondary Education Establishments
Enlaces
Coste total
€ 212 933,76