TO DESTROY OR TO PRESERVE? MONUMENTS, LAW AND DEMOCRACY IN EUROPE

Descrizione del progetto

Esaminare i motivi e le modalità per cui i monumenti si sono preservati o sono andati distrutti in Europa

La storia ci insegna che, quando si mette in discussione il passato, i monumenti sono ciò che per primo viene distrutto. Nel corso dei secoli, i regimi totalitari hanno eliminato i monumenti che non accettavano. Il progetto MELoDYE, finanziato dall’UE, userà i monumenti come lente d’ingrandimento attraverso cui analizzare gli attuali conflitti e guerre legati alla memoria in Europa, metterà in dubbio il concetto esistente di commemorazione pubblica e di politiche sulla memoria dell’Europa e formulerà una serie di principi costituzionali, raggruppabili nella nozione di «mnemocostituzionalismo», per quanto riguarda i monumenti. Il progetto costituisce il primo tentativo di pensare ai monumenti e alle relative controversie nel contesto della democrazia e dello stato di diritto.

Obiettivo

TO DESTROY OR TO PRESERVE? MONUMENTS, LAW AND DEMOCRACY IN EUROPE (MELoDYE)
When the past is contested, the monuments are the first to be destroyed. Over centuries, the totalitarian regimes removed the monuments they did not agree with. Should the democracies then follow this path?
MELoDYE is original in its approach, noble and ambitious in its goal: (i) it uses monuments as a lens to analyze current memory conflicts and wars in Europe; (ii) it challenges the existing concept of public commemoration and European memory policies; (iii) it elaborates a set of constitutional principles – mnemoconstitutionalism – with regard to monuments. T
MELoDYE is the first attempt to think about monuments and their controversies in the context of democracy and the rule of law to answer the questions:
•How should the commemorative symbols be constructed, maintained, or revised to ensure free speech and European solidarity?
•What should be the legal standards for memory policies and public commemorative practices in a democracy?
To tackle these questions MELoDYE, first, maps the controversies around the monuments and provides a taxonomy of the main European memory conflicts and memory wars. It examines methods of national memory policies and commemorative practices to figure out how the states chose historical narratives and heroes to be honored with the erection of a monument. Then, it considers legislation and administrative practices related to the monuments. It scrutinizes the actors which make decisions on monuments as well as the legal and administrative procedures behind these decisions. Finally, MELoDYE examines the ways in which memory policies related to monuments may be revised to meet demands of a democratic society. It criticizes politization and populist use of history. In the last step, the project elaborates a set of democratic principles – mnemoconstitutionalism – to guide monument-related decisions to ensure democracy, the rule of law and historical reconciliation.