Project description
Neurovascular interactions in the ageing heart
The risk for impaired cardiovascular health grows as we age. Various factors such as electrophysiological changes predispose the elderly to arrhythmic risk, but information on the mechanisms behind pathophysiological changes linked to age is lacking. The EU-funded Neuroheart project will show that impairment of the neurovascular interface in the ageing heart may be responsible for age-related pathologies. It will focus on the heart’s axons and the role of Semaphorin 3a in endothelial cells of the ageing heart, as well as on reduced neuron density. Neuroheart will examine electrical stability and arrhythmias, the nerve secretome and the cross-talk between neurons and the vasculature, all of which will lead to a better understanding of the neurovascular interactions in the ageing heart.
Objective
Aging is a major risk factor for impaired cardiovascular health. The aging myocardium is characterized by endothelial cell dysfunction, diastolic and systolic impairment, increased hypertrophy and fibrosis and electrophysiological alterations that predisposes the elderly to arrhythmic risk. The mechanism of age-associated pathophysiological alterations are incompletely understood. In preliminary data, we report that aging is associated with a decline in axon density in the heart. Since vessels align with nerves and this interplay is critical for tissue homeostasis in other organs, we postulate that an impairment of the neuro-vascular interface in the aging heart may contribute to age-associated pathologies.
To address this hypothesis, we will first characterise axon extension and patterning of different nerve fibres in the heart. Second, we will decipher the underlying mechanisms mediating the reduction of axon density in the aging heart. Based on preliminary data documenting an induction of the repulsive Semaphorin 3a (SEMA3A) in endothelial cells of the aging heart, we will address if endothelial SEMA3a mediates the effect. Third, we will determine the consequences of reduced neuron density: We will i) study electrical stability and arrhythmias; ii) We will explore the nerve secretome aiming to identify paracrine signals that possibly control cardiac tissue homeostasis and age-associated alterations. iii) We will assess the cross-talk of neurons with age-associated cardiac inflammation. Finally, we will determine whether senescence may contribute to neuro-vascular alterations during aging. We will extend preliminary data suggesting that senolytics interfere with the age-induced decline in axon density.
Together, these data will decipher the so far unexplored role of the neuro-vascular interaction in the aging heart. We believe that restoring or preserving a functional cross-talk between neurons and the vasculature may contribute to healthy cardiac aging.
Fields of science
Programme(s)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Topic(s)
Funding Scheme
ERC - Support for frontier research (ERC)Host institution
60323 Frankfurt Am Main
Germany