Descrizione del progetto
Interazioni neurovascolari nel cuore che invecchia
Il rischio di compromettere la salute cardiovascolare aumenta con l’invecchiamento. Diversi fattori, come i cambiamenti elettrofisiologici, predispongono gli anziani al rischio aritmico, ma mancano informazioni sui meccanismi alla base dei cambiamenti fisiopatologici legati all’età. Il progetto Neuroheart, finanziato dall’UE, dimostrerà che la compromissione dell’interfaccia neurovascolare nel cuore che invecchia può essere responsabile delle patologie legate all’età. Il progetto si concentrerà sugli assoni cardiaci e sul ruolo della semaforina 3a nelle cellule endoteliali del cuore che invecchia, oltre che sulla ridotta densità neuronale. Neuroheart esaminerà la stabilità elettrica e le aritmie, il secretoma nervoso e l’autoinibizione fra neuroni e vascolarizzazione, tutti elementi che consentiranno di comprendere meglio le interazioni neurovascolari nel cuore che invecchia.
Obiettivo
Aging is a major risk factor for impaired cardiovascular health. The aging myocardium is characterized by endothelial cell dysfunction, diastolic and systolic impairment, increased hypertrophy and fibrosis and electrophysiological alterations that predisposes the elderly to arrhythmic risk. The mechanism of age-associated pathophysiological alterations are incompletely understood. In preliminary data, we report that aging is associated with a decline in axon density in the heart. Since vessels align with nerves and this interplay is critical for tissue homeostasis in other organs, we postulate that an impairment of the neuro-vascular interface in the aging heart may contribute to age-associated pathologies.
To address this hypothesis, we will first characterise axon extension and patterning of different nerve fibres in the heart. Second, we will decipher the underlying mechanisms mediating the reduction of axon density in the aging heart. Based on preliminary data documenting an induction of the repulsive Semaphorin 3a (SEMA3A) in endothelial cells of the aging heart, we will address if endothelial SEMA3a mediates the effect. Third, we will determine the consequences of reduced neuron density: We will i) study electrical stability and arrhythmias; ii) We will explore the nerve secretome aiming to identify paracrine signals that possibly control cardiac tissue homeostasis and age-associated alterations. iii) We will assess the cross-talk of neurons with age-associated cardiac inflammation. Finally, we will determine whether senescence may contribute to neuro-vascular alterations during aging. We will extend preliminary data suggesting that senolytics interfere with the age-induced decline in axon density.
Together, these data will decipher the so far unexplored role of the neuro-vascular interaction in the aging heart. We believe that restoring or preserving a functional cross-talk between neurons and the vasculature may contribute to healthy cardiac aging.
Campo scientifico
Programma(i)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Argomento(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
ERC - Support for frontier research (ERC)Istituzione ospitante
60323 Frankfurt Am Main
Germania