Description du projet
Les interactions neurovasculaires dans le cœur vieillissant
Le risque d’altération de la santé cardiovasculaire augmente avec l’âge. Divers facteurs tels que les changements électrophysiologiques prédisposent les personnes âgées au risque d’arythmie, mais on manque d’informations concernant les mécanismes à l’origine des changements physiopathologiques liés à l’âge. Le projet Neuroheart, financé par l’UE, entend montrer que l’altération de l’interface neurovasculaire, dans le cœur vieillissant, peut être responsable de ces pathologies liées à l’âge. Il se concentrera sur les axones du cœur, sur le rôle de la sémaphorine 3a dans les cellules endothéliales du cœur vieillissant, ainsi que sur la réduction de la densité neuronale. Neuroheart s’intéressera à la stabilité électrique et aux arythmies, ainsi qu’au sécrétome des nerfs et aux échanges entre les neurones et le système vasculaire, ce qui permettra de mieux comprendre les interactions neurovasculaires dans le cœur vieillissant.
Objectif
Aging is a major risk factor for impaired cardiovascular health. The aging myocardium is characterized by endothelial cell dysfunction, diastolic and systolic impairment, increased hypertrophy and fibrosis and electrophysiological alterations that predisposes the elderly to arrhythmic risk. The mechanism of age-associated pathophysiological alterations are incompletely understood. In preliminary data, we report that aging is associated with a decline in axon density in the heart. Since vessels align with nerves and this interplay is critical for tissue homeostasis in other organs, we postulate that an impairment of the neuro-vascular interface in the aging heart may contribute to age-associated pathologies.
To address this hypothesis, we will first characterise axon extension and patterning of different nerve fibres in the heart. Second, we will decipher the underlying mechanisms mediating the reduction of axon density in the aging heart. Based on preliminary data documenting an induction of the repulsive Semaphorin 3a (SEMA3A) in endothelial cells of the aging heart, we will address if endothelial SEMA3a mediates the effect. Third, we will determine the consequences of reduced neuron density: We will i) study electrical stability and arrhythmias; ii) We will explore the nerve secretome aiming to identify paracrine signals that possibly control cardiac tissue homeostasis and age-associated alterations. iii) We will assess the cross-talk of neurons with age-associated cardiac inflammation. Finally, we will determine whether senescence may contribute to neuro-vascular alterations during aging. We will extend preliminary data suggesting that senolytics interfere with the age-induced decline in axon density.
Together, these data will decipher the so far unexplored role of the neuro-vascular interaction in the aging heart. We believe that restoring or preserving a functional cross-talk between neurons and the vasculature may contribute to healthy cardiac aging.
Champ scientifique
Programme(s)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Thème(s)
Régime de financement
ERC - Support for frontier research (ERC)Institution d’accueil
60323 Frankfurt Am Main
Allemagne