Descrizione del progetto
Dimostrare i vantaggi dell’ammoniaca come carburante per il trasporto marittimo senza emissioni di carbonio
Accelerare la decarbonizzazione del trasporto marittimo è un pilastro fondamentale del Green Deal europeo e del raggiungimento della neutralità carbonica entro il 2050. Negli ultimi dieci anni l’ammoniaca «verde» (NH3) ha suscitato interesse come carburante per i trasporti. A differenza degli idrocarburi convenzionali basati sui combustibili fossili, l’NH3 non ha atomi di carbonio, quindi la sua combustione non genera emissioni di CO2. L’ambizioso progetto Ammonia2-4, finanziato dall’UE, svilupperà e dimostrerà un motore marino a quattro tempi e uno a due tempi a doppia alimentazione, il cui funzionamento è basato sull’ammoniaca come combustibile principale. Il quattro tempi sarà un motore nuovo, mentre il due tempi può essere adattato a qualsiasi motore a due tempi disponibile in commercio. I due motori hanno il potenziale per ridurre le emissioni di gas a effetto serra, comprese quelle di ossido di azoto, almeno dell’80 %.
Obiettivo
The overall aim of the Ammonia2-4 project is to demonstrate at full scale two types of dual fuel marine engines running on ammonia as main fuel: (i) a four-stroke and (ii) a two-stroke engine. The proposed four-stroke innovation is a newbuild 10MW engine to be demonstrated in lab conditions closely mimicking real-life operations in ambient conditions. The proposed two-stroke innovation is a medium-pressure ammonia fuel injection platform that can be retrofitted onto any two-stroke marine engine available in the market today. It will be demonstrated in the project at two stages: a lab demonstration followed by retrofitting onto a container vessel of the alpha customer MSC. Both engine innovations are expected to result in at least 80% less GHG emissions (including nitrous oxide emissions), NOx emissions below IMO Tier III regulations and a negligible ammonia slip below 10ppm. By demonstrating both engine types at full scale the project partners are aiming for commercial exploitation of the project results towards more than 90% of the maritime intercontinental transport in terms of gross tonnage, including retrofits and newbuilds to enter the fleet within the next ten years. It is expected that both Ammonia2-4 innovations will lead to an annual reduction of CO2 emitted by deep sea vessels calling at EU ports by 2.3 million tons, and reduce the emissions of harmful pollutants such as SOx by 15 tons annually. The project will go beyond purely technological developments and investigate a number of non-technical aspects crucial for a successful uptake of ammonia as marine fuel: health & safety, ammonia supply infrastructure, crew training & acceptance, but also novel standardisation pathways for regulating emissions from ammonia marine engines.
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HORIZON-IA - HORIZON Innovation ActionsCoordinatore
34018 San Dorligo Della Valle
Italia