Descrizione del progetto
Un approccio ecocompatibile per la bonifica degli inquinanti
Gli organismi biologici, compresi i più piccoli, possono svolgere un ruolo importante nel ripristino degli ambienti inquinati:essi rimuovono o neutralizzano un inquinante ambientale dal suolo o dall’acqua in un processo chiamato biorisanamento. Il progetto Nymphe, finanziato dall’UE, porterà questo processo a un nuovo livello. In particolare, svilupperà strategie di biorisanamento/rivitalizzazione basate sull’assemblaggio di sistemi di organismi biologici disponibili e nuovi (enzimi, microrganismi, bivalvi e lombrichi, piante e loro olobionti) sviluppati e applicati su matrici provenienti da diversi siti contaminati dell’UE (acque freatiche, sedimenti, acque reflue, suoli industriali e terreni agricoli). Il progetto si propone di rimuovere almeno il 90 % di plastica e pesticidi nel suolo agricolo e di solventi clorurati/idrocarburi petroliferi totali nelle acque sotterranee e nei sedimenti dei siti industriali.
Obiettivo
The objective of Nymphe is to develop bioremediation/revitalization strategies based on the assembly of systems of available and new biologics (enzymes, microorganisms, bivalves and earthworms, plants and their holobiont) developed and applied on matrices from different EU contaminated sites: groundwater, sediments (hyporheic zone), wastewater as well as industrial, and agricultural soils. The assembly of systems is guided using predictive microbial interaction models in the microbiome of the actual site matrix to be decontaminated. The best systems of biologics are reintroduced at the contaminated sites (4 plus 1 site for confined tests using genomically edited biologics). Nymphe target at least 90% removal of the pollutants occurring at the sites, e.g. plastics and pesticides in the agricultural soil, and chlorinated solvents/total petroleum hydrocarbon in groundwater and sediments of the industrial site. Besides, biologics and systems benefit from the development of platform technologies to: assemble stable consortia (adhesin+complementary auxotrophies), accelerate the evolution of the microorganisms, increase mobility of degradative plasmids, genomically edit bacteria to produce evolved enzymes, produce enzyme systems with recycling of cofactors, control the spatial distribution of biodegraders (3D-printing), protect them in harsh environments, facilitate redox processes by electromicrobiology, design self-sustaining redox biocatalysts. The bioremediation/revitalization strategies undergo a full assessment: ecological and environmental risk analyses (chemical, ecotoxicological and supportive analyses e.g. function and biodiversity of the microbiomes), technology risk analysis, life cycle assessment, life cycle cost, cost-efficiency analysis, biosafety & regulatory constraints analysis, and societal analysis to be finally benchmarked with current solutions. The ecological status of the bioremediated sites shall be closer to Natura 2000 specifications
Campo scientifico
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringwaste managementwaste treatment processesrecycling
- engineering and technologyenvironmental biotechnologybioremediation
- natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencessoil sciencesedaphology
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsfossil energypetroleum
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesbiochemistrybiomoleculesproteinsenzymes
Parole chiave
Programma(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
HORIZON-RIA - HORIZON Research and Innovation ActionsCoordinatore
40126 Bologna
Italia