Descrizione del progetto
Perché le molecole chirali si comportano come filtri di spin elettronico
Le molecole chirali presentano due diverse simmetrie, simili alla manualità destra o sinistra, chiamate enantiomeri. Quando si muovono attraverso le molecole chirali, gli elettroni si comportano come se ci fosse un campo magnetico che agisce su di loro. Questo campo interagisce con il loro spin: quando un elettrone viene trasferito attraverso molecole chirali, uno spin viene preferito all’altro, a seconda che le molecole siano sinistrorse o destrorse e a seconda della direzione di movimento dell’elettrone medesimo. Questa selettività di spin indotta dai chirali ha importanti implicazioni per la chimica, come un migliore controllo delle reazioni enantioselettive e una più facile separazione degli enantiomeri. Finanziato dal programma di azioni Marie Skłodowska-Curie, il progetto CISSE stabilirà una collaborazione interdisciplinare tra ricercatori europei, americani e israeliani per studiare i meccanismi alla base di questo effetto.
Obiettivo
Chirality is often considered as a structural properties of molecules, but the concept also applies to elementary particles having a non-zero spin, i.e. electrons at rest are achiral but they acquire a helicity (chirality) in the direction of motion. Consequently, electrons are filtered according to their spin when crossing chiral materials. This newly uncovered chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect is surprisingly large. Spin polarization up to 100% has been demonstrated paving the way to multiple applications in chemistry, such as improved control of enantioselective reactions and easier separation of enantiomers. Impacts are also expected in physics (spintronics) and biology (molecular recognition of biomolecules, origin of bio-homo-chirality, magnetic compass of migratory songbirds). CISS effect is theoretically ill-defined. Sound structure-property relationship lacks also for the link between molecule chirality and CISS effect magnitude. CISSE proposal intends to contribute to a giant leap forward in the knowledge of CISS effect by putting together some of the best European, American and Israeli experts of the field, who will work towards its fundamental understanding. To this end, members of the CISSE consortium have been selected for their expertise and complementarities encompassing: synthetic chemistry, electrochemistry, surface science, bio-physical chemistry, quantum chemistry, nanoscience, industrial processes, analytical chemistry, and scientific instrument developments. Importantly, some beneficiaries have filled the first patent applications on CISS effect and have started to valorize them. Considerable scope for new discoveries and invention remains because the field of CISS effect is still in its infancy. The topic is particularly suited to educate ESRs because of its novelty and potential. To gain a different perspective on their research activities, ESRs will also contribute to an artistic creation highlighting spin and chirality.
Campo scientifico
Parole chiave
Programma(i)
- HORIZON.1.2 - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) Main Programme
Meccanismo di finanziamento
HORIZON-TMA-MSCA-DN - HORIZON TMA MSCA Doctoral NetworksCoordinatore
1050 Bruxelles / Brussel
Belgio