Descripción del proyecto
Un método conjunto para cuantificar las emisiones
Los informes sobre emisiones son importantes. Para crearlos, existen dos tipos de métodos: el primero es el método ascendente, que calcula las emisiones a través del análisis de los datos de actividad junto con los factores de emisión, mientras que el segundo es el método descendente, que calcula las emisiones en función de las observaciones de la concentración atmosférica. Solo unos pocos países emplean un método conjunto, que es considerado una buena práctica. En este contexto, el proyecto PARIS, financiado con fondos europeos, se propone aumentar de forma notable la adopción del método conjunto para evaluar las emisiones. El equipo del proyecto redactará los anexos anuales a los informes sobre el inventario nacional. Su objetivo general es aumentar (cuadruplicar) el número de países que incluyen los cálculos de estimaciones del método descendente en sus informes sobre el inventario nacional.
Objetivo
There are only a few countries worldwide, and only two in Europe (the UK and Switzerland, via our team), who routinely report their emissions using bottom-up (inventory) and top-down (atmospheric data-based) methods together. The central aim of PARIS is to significantly increase the uptake of this joint approach to emissions evaluation. We target research areas that have been shown, through our previous successes, to be of high value to inventory compilers, or have been only partly explored in previous projects. To engage inventory teams early in the project, we focus on new emissions estimates for fluorinated gases (F-gases), which have relatively simple source distributions, but poorly understood magnitudes. We will extend to eight countries across Europe our proven approach in using top-down constraints to evaluate inventory F-gas models. For greenhouse gases (GHGs) with a more complex mixture of sources, methane and carbon dioxide, research in PARIS focuses on the attribution of fluxes to particular sources and sinks. We will advance our world-leading isotopologue measurements and tracer-based analysis methods, providing inventory teams with new information to target areas of uncertainty. For nitrous oxide, a GHG for which most European inventories rely on highly simplified and uncertain bottom-up methods, two process-level models will be advanced to produce time- and space-resolved estimates that will be evaluated against isotopic data. For the important, but complex, climate forcers, organic matter aerosol and black carbon, we will take the next steps required towards robust top-down emissions inference by developing source apportionment methods. To generate maximum impact, we will synthesise these advances in the form of draft annual Annexes to National Inventory Reports (NIRs) for eight PARIS focus countries. If adopted, this will represent almost a quadrupling of the number of countries globally that include top-down emissions estimates in their NIRs.
Ámbito científico
- natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesenvironmental sciencessustainability sciences
- natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesatmospheric sciencesmeteorologyatmospheric circulation
- natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesatmospheric sciencesmeteorologytroposphere
Palabras clave
Programa(s)
Régimen de financiación
HORIZON-RIA - HORIZON Research and Innovation ActionsCoordinador
3584 CS Utrecht
Países Bajos