Social media for democracy – understanding the causal mechanisms of digital citizenship

Informazioni relative al progetto

SoMe4Dem

ID dell’accordo di sovvenzione: 101094752

DOI

10.3030/101094752

Progetto chiuso

Data della firma CE 12 Dicembre 2022

Data di avvio 1 Marzo 2023

Data di completamento 28 Febbraio 2026

Finanziato da

• Culture, creativity and inclusive society

Costo totale

€ 3 376 955,34

Contributo UE

€ 3 376 955,09

Coordinato da

MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV
Germany

CORDIS fornisce collegamenti ai risultati finali pubblici e alle pubblicazioni dei progetti ORIZZONTE.

I link ai risultati e alle pubblicazioni dei progetti del 7° PQ, così come i link ad alcuni tipi di risultati specifici come dataset e software, sono recuperati dinamicamente da .OpenAIRE .

Risultati finali

Documents, reports (5)

Attitudinally-positioned European sample dataset

This deliverable will provide the first version of the data set together with the conceptual and methodological framework required to leverage attitudinal inference for large populations of users in Europe.

Survey on experiments about trust and collaborative vs conflictual language

The survey will focus on different experimental paradigms and the implications of previous experimental work for understanding the causal antecedents of trust and conflictual language in social media.

Platform affordances

This deliverable presents an empirically-informed taxonomy of platform affordances.

Democracy theory and social media

Research paper on Democracy theory and social media: Challenges to liberal democracy and democracy theory

Dissemination and Exploitation Plan

Plan for dissemination and exploitation including communication activities. Itwill be periodically updated.

Data Management Plan (1)

Data Management Plan

This deliverable will establish the management of the data with in the project, establishing the protocols for anonymization, pseudonymization, collection, treatment, transfer, storage, encryption, and publication (for reproducibility of results in articles).

Pubblicazioni

Peer reviewed articles (50)

Nature Communications

Autori: Maertens, R; Roozenbeek, J; Simons, JS; Lewandowsky, S; Maturo, V; Goldberg, B; Xu, R; van der Linden, S
Pubblicato in: Nature Communications, 2025, ISSN 2041-1723
Editore: Nature Publishing Group
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-025-57205-X

Knowledge refracted. A bibliometric analysis of conspiracy texts on Telegram

Autori: Willaert, Tom; Meyer, Trisha
Pubblicato in: Radices, 2024, ISSN 2736-7770
Editore: CUTA
DOI: 10.21825/RADICES.91992

Dodging the autocratic bullet: Enlisting behavioural science to arrest democratic backsliding

Autori: Abels, Christoph M.; Huttunen, Kiia Jasmin Alexandra; Hertwig, Ralph; Lewandowsky, Stephan
Pubblicato in: Behavioural Public Policy, 2024, ISSN 2398-0648
Editore: Cambridge University Press
DOI: 10.1017/BPP.2024.43

The continued influence of AI-generated deepfake videos despite transparency warnings

Autori: Simon Clark, Stephan Lewandowsky
Pubblicato in: Communications Psychology, Numero 4, 2026, ISSN 2731-9121
Editore: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
DOI: 10.1038/S44271-025-00381-9

Computational analysis of US congressional speeches reveals a shift from evidence to intuition

Autori: Segun T. Aroyehun; Almog Simchon; Fabio Carrella; Jana Lasser; Stephan Lewandowsky; David Garcia
Pubblicato in: Nature Human Behaviour, Numero 9, pages 1122–1133, 2025, ISSN 2397-3374
Editore: Springer Nature
DOI: 10.48550/ARXIV.2405.07323

The role of epistemic drift in online civic discourse about science

Autori: Stephan Lewandowsky, David Garcia
Pubblicato in: Current Opinion in Psychology, Numero 68, 2026, ISSN 2352-250X
Editore: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/J.COPSYC.2026.102266

Toolbox of individual-level interventions against online misinformation

Autori: Anastasia Kozyreva; Philipp Lorenz-Spreen; Stefan M. Herzog; Ullrich K. H. Ecker; Stephan Lewandowsky; Ralph Hertwig; Ayesha Ali; Joe Bak-Coleman; Sarit Barzilai; Melisa Basol; Adam J. Berinsky; Cornelia Betsch; John Cook; Lisa K. Fazio; Michael Geers; Andrew M. Guess; Haifeng Huang; Horacio Larreguy; Rakoen Maertens; Folco Panizza; Gordon Pennycook; David G. Rand; Steve Rathje; Jason Reifler; Philipp Schmid; Mark Smith; Briony Swire-Thompson; Paula Szewach; Sander van der Linden; Sam Wineburg
Pubblicato in: Nature Human Behaviour, Numero 8, 1044-1052, 2024, ISSN 2397-3374
Editore: Springer Nature
DOI: 10.1038/S41562-024-01881-0

Challenges in Understanding Human-Algorithm Entanglement During Online Information Consumption

Autori: Lewandowsky, Stephan; Robertson, Ronald E.; DiResta, Renee
Pubblicato in: Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2023, ISSN 1745-6924
Editore: SAGE Publications
DOI: 10.1177/17456916231180809

‘Dark metrics’ and the mainstreaming of political extremism on Dutch-speaking Telegram: A comparative reading of platform affordances

Autori: Stijn Peeters, Tom Willaert
Pubblicato in: Platforms & Society, Numero 3, 2026, ISSN 2976-8624
Editore: SAGE Publications
DOI: 10.1177/29768624261421758

Polarization in Social Media: A Virtual Worlds-based Approach

Autori: Dennis Jacob and Sven Banisch
Pubblicato in: Journal of artificial societies and social simulation, Numero 26, 2023, ISSN 1460-7425
Editore: University of Surrey
DOI: 10.18564/jasss.5170

A Formal Model of Affiliative Interpersonality

Autori: Stefan Westermann; Sven Banisch
Pubblicato in: Clinical Psychological Science, 2024, ISSN 2167-7034
Editore: Sage
DOI: 10.1177/21677026241229663

The governance & behavioral challenges of generative artificial intelligence’s hypercustomization capabilities

Autori: Christoph M. Abels, Ezequiel Lopez-Lopez, Jason W. Burton, Dawn L. Holford, Levin Brinkmann, Stefan M. Herzog, Stephan Lewandowsky
Pubblicato in: Behavioral Science & Policy, Numero 11, 2026, ISSN 2379-4607
Editore: SAGE Publications
DOI: 10.1177/23794607251347020

How Science Gets Drawn Into Global Conspiracy Narratives

Autori: Marc Tuters, Tom Willaert, Trisha Meyer
Pubblicato in: Numeros in Science and Technology, Numero 29, 2023, ISSN 0748-5492
Editore: Arizona State University
DOI: 10.58875/POZR1536

PLoS ONE

Autori: Cassells, Duncan; Vendeville, Antoine; Tabourier, Lionel; Ramaciotti, Pedro
Pubblicato in: PLOS One, Numero 20(12): e0338486, 2025, ISSN 1932-6203
Editore: Public Library of Science
DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/783HB

Disentangling participation in online political discussions with a collective field experiment

Autori: Lisa Oswald, William Small Schulz, Philipp Lorenz-Spreen
Pubblicato in: Science Advances, Numero 11, 2025, ISSN 2375-2548
Editore: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
DOI: 10.1126/SCIADV.ADY8022

Liars know they are lying: differentiating disinformation from disagreement

Autori: Stephan Lewandowsky; Ullrich K. H. Ecker; John Cook; Sander van der Linden; Jon Roozenbeek; Naomi Oreskes; Lee McIntyre
Pubblicato in: Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 2024, ISSN 2807-5390
Editore: Springer Nature
DOI: 10.31234/OSF.IO/Q7VBR

Co-evolution of groups and opinions in an agent-based model

Autori: Duncan Cassells, Antoine Vendeville, Lionel Tabourier, Pedro Ramaciotti
Pubblicato in: PLOS One, Numero 20, 2025, ISSN 1932-6203
Editore: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0338486

A bias towards neutrality? How LLM guardrail sensitivity affects classification

Autori: Rogers, R.; Zhang, X.
Pubblicato in: Communication and Change, Numero 1(13), 2025, ISSN 3059-2011
Editore: Springer Nature
DOI: 10.1007/S44382-025-00013-0

Seeing is Believing: The Continued Influence of Known AI-Generated ‘Deepfake’ Videos

Autori: Simon Clark; Stephan Lewandowsky
Pubblicato in: Communications psychology, 2024, ISSN 2731-9121
Editore: Springer Nature
DOI: 10.31234/OSF.IO/T7JFK

Revolution by other memes: on the playful subcultures of r/PoliticalCompassMemes

Autori: Tuters, M.; Mueller, G.
Pubblicato in: Information, Communication & Society, 2024, ISSN 1468-4462
Editore: Taylor & Francis
DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2024.2423340

Multidimensional political polarization in online social networks

Autori: Antonio F. Peralta, Pedro Ramaciotti, János Kertész, and Gerardo Iñiguez
Pubblicato in: Physical Review Research, Numero 6, 2024, ISSN 2643-1564
Editore: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.013170

Thinking clearly about misinformation

Autori: Li Qian Tay, Stephan Lewandowsky, Mark J. Hurlstone, Tim Kurz & Ullrich K. H. Ecker
Pubblicato in: communications psychology, Numero 2, 2024, ISSN 2731-9121
Editore: Nature Portfolio
DOI: 10.1038/s44271-023-00054-5

Mapping the e-petition ecosystem through Social Media: mobilization in the EU across issues and ideologies

Autori: Carlo Romano Marcello Alessandro Santagiustina, Pedro Ramaciotti
Pubblicato in: Journal of Quantitative Description: Digital Media, Numero 6, 2026, ISSN 2673-8813
Editore: Journal of Quantitative Description: Digital Media
DOI: 10.51685/JQD.2026.001

Boosting: Empowering Citizens with Behavioral Science

Autori: Stefan M. Herzog, Ralph Hertwig
Pubblicato in: Annual Review of Psychology, Numero 76, 2026, ISSN 0066-4308
Editore: Annual Reviews
DOI: 10.1146/ANNUREV-PSYCH-020924-124753

Validating Argument-Based Opinion Dynamics with Survey Experiments

Autori: Sven Banisch and Hawal Shamon
Pubblicato in: Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, 2024, ISSN 1460-7425
Editore: University of Surrey
DOI: 10.18564/jasss.5305

How Influencers and Multipliers Drive Polarization and Issue Alignment on Twitter/X

Autori: Armin Pournaki, Felix Gaisbauer, Eckehard Olbrich
Pubblicato in: Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, Numero 19, 2025, ISSN 2334-0770
Editore: Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)
DOI: 10.1609/ICWSM.V19I1.35890

Blinding to Circumvent Human Biases: Deliberate Ignorance in Humans, Institutions, and Machines

Autori: Ralph Hertwig, Stefan M. Herzog, Anastasia Kozyreva
Pubblicato in: Perspectives on Psychological Science, Numero 19, 2025, ISSN 1745-6916
Editore: SAGE Publications
DOI: 10.1177/17456916231188052

Mapping the political landscape from data traces: Multidimensional opinions of users, politicians and media outlets on X

Autori: Antoine Vendeville, Jimena Royo-Letelier, Duncan Cassells, Jean-Philippe Cointet, Maxime Crépel, Tim Faverjon, Théophile Lenoir, Béatrice Mazoyer, Benjamin Ooghe-Tabanou, Armin Pournaki, Hiroki Yamashita, Pedro Ramaciotti
Pubblicato in: Data in Brief, Numero 65, 2026, ISSN 2352-3409
Editore: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/J.DIB.2026.112615

Critical ignoring when information abundance is detrimental to democracy

Autori: Stephan Lewandowsky, Ralph Hertwig
Pubblicato in: Current Opinion in Psychology, Numero 66, 2026, ISSN 2352-250X
Editore: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/J.COPSYC.2025.102128

The social dilemma of online segregation: A dynamical model of platform choice

Autori: Sven Banisch, Dennis Jacob, Tom Willaert, Eckehard Olbrich
Pubblicato in: Rationality and Society, 2026, ISSN 1043-4631
Editore: SAGE Publications
DOI: 10.1177/10434631261428850

Different honesty conceptions align across US politicians' tweets and public replies

Autori: Fabio Carrella, Segun T. Aroyehun, Jana Lasser, Almog Simchon, David Garcia, Stephan Lewandowsky
Pubblicato in: Nature Communications, Numero 16, 2025, ISSN 2041-1723
Editore: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-025-56753-6

A computational analysis of Telegram’s narrative affordances

Autori: Tom Willaert
Pubblicato in: PLoS ONE, 2023, ISSN 1932-6203
Editore: Public Library of Science
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293508

Inoculation and accuracy prompting increase accuracy discernment in combination but not alone

Autori: Gordon Pennycook; Adam J. Berinsky; Puneet Bhargava; Hause Lin; Rocky Cole; Beth Goldberg; Stephan Lewandowsky; David G. Rand
Pubblicato in: Nature Human Behaviour, Numero 8, pages 2330–2341, 2024, ISSN 2397-3374
Editore: Springer Nature
DOI: 10.1038/S41562-024-02023-2

Why Misinformation Must Not Be Ignored

Autori: Ullrich K. H. Ecker; Li Qian Tay; Jon Roozenbeek; Sander van der Linden; John Cook; Naomi Oreskes; Stephan Lewandowsky
Pubblicato in: American Psychologist, 2024, ISSN 1935-990X
Editore: APA
DOI: 10.1037/AMP0001448

Artnodes

Autori: Marco Paladini,Carlo R. M. A. Santagiustina, Costanza Sartoris, Giulia Saya, Michele Schiavinato, Gabriella Traviglia
Pubblicato in: artnodes, Numero 33, 2024, ISSN 1695-5951
Editore: Barcelona: Fundació per la Universitat Oberta de Catalunya
DOI: 10.7238/artnodes.v0i33.417840

A focus shift in the evaluation of misinformation interventions

Autori: L. Tay, S. Lewandowsky, M.J. Hurlstone, T. Kurz, U. K.H. Ecker
Pubblicato in: Harvard Misinformation Review, Numero 4, 2023, ISSN 2766-1652
Editore: Harvard Kennedy School
DOI: 10.37016/mr-2020-124

Coupled infectious disease and behavior dynamics. A review of model assumptions

Autori: Andreas Reitenbach; Fabio Sartori; Sven Banisch; Anastasia Golovin; André Calero Valdez; Mirjam Kretzschmar; Viola Priesemann; Michael Mäs
Pubblicato in: Reports on Progress in Physics, 2024, ISSN 1361-6633
Editore: IOP
DOI: 10.5445/IR/1000179516

Investigating the role of source and source trust in prebunks and debunks of misinformation in online experiments across four EU countries

Autori: Hendrik Bruns, François J. Dessart, Michał Krawczyk, Stephan Lewandowsky, Myrto Pantazi, Gordon Pennycook, Philipp Schmid, Laura Smillie
Pubblicato in: Scientific Reports, Numero 14, 2024, ISSN 2045-2322
Editore: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-024-71599-6

Extracting narrative signals from public discourse: a network-based approach

Autori: Pournaki, Armin; Willaert, Tom
Pubblicato in: Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 2025, ISSN 2807-5390
Editore: Springer Nature
DOI: 10.48550/ARXIV.2411.00702

Generative artificial intelligence–mediated confirmation bias in health information seeking

Autori: Ezequiel Lopez‐Lopez, Christoph M. Abels, Dawn Holford, Stefan M. Herzog, Stephan Lewandowsky
Pubblicato in: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Numero 1550, 2025, ISSN 0077-8923
Editore: Wiley
DOI: 10.1111/NYAS.15413

Auditing the audits: evaluating methodologies for social media recommender system audits

Autori: Bouchaud, Paul; Ramaciotti Morales, Pedro
Pubblicato in: Applied Network Science, Numero 59(9), 2024, ISSN 2364-8228
Editore: Springer Nature
DOI: 10.1007/S41109-024-00668-6

Issues in Science and Technology

Autori: Tuters, Marc, Tom Willaert, and Trisha Meyer
Pubblicato in: Numeros in Science and Technology, Numero 39, ISSN 0748-5492
Editore: University of Texas at Dallas
DOI: 10.58875/POZR1536

How citizens’ experience of democracy can actually pave the way to democratic backsliding

Autori: Ralph Hertwig, Stephan Lewandowsky
Pubblicato in: Communications Psychology, Numero 3, 2025, ISSN 2731-9121
Editore: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
DOI: 10.1038/S44271-025-00327-1

Warning people that they are being microtargeted fails to eliminate persuasive advantage

Autori: Fabio Carrella; Almog Simchon; Matthew Edwards; Stephan Lewandowsky
Pubblicato in: Communications Psychology, 2025, ISSN 2731-9121
Editore: Springer Nature
DOI: 10.1038/S44271-025-00188-8

Effects of preemptive empathy interventions on reply toxicity among highly active social media users.

Autori: Lisa Oswald
Pubblicato in: Technology, Mind, and Behavior, Numero 6, 2025, ISSN 2689-0208
Editore: American Psychological Association (APA)
DOI: 10.1037/TMB0000178

The Misalignment of Incentives in Academic Publishing and Implications for Journal Reform

Autori: Trueblood, Jennifer S.; Allison, David B.; Field, Sarahanne M.; Fishbach, Ayelet; Gaillard, Stefan D. M.; Gigerenzer, Gerd; Holmes, William R.; Lewandowsky, Stephan; Matzke, Dora; Murphy, Mary C.; Musslick, Sebastian; Popov, Vencislav; Roskies, Adina L.; ter Schure, Judith; Teodorescu, Andrei R.
Pubblicato in: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2024, ISSN 1091-6490
Editore: PNAS
DOI: 10.1073/PNAS.2401231121

Inoculation reduces social media engagement with affectively polarized content in the UK and US

Autori: Fintan Smith; Almog Simchon; Dawn Holford; Stephan Lewandowsky
Pubblicato in: Communications Psychology, 2023, ISSN 2731-9121
Editore: Springer Nature
DOI: 10.1038/S44271-025-00189-7

From denazification to the Golden Billion: an inductive analysis of the Kremlin’s weaponisation of digital diplomacy on Telegram

Autori: Willaert, Tom; Tuters, Marc
Pubblicato in: Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 2025, ISSN 2807-5390
Editore: Springer Nature
DOI: 10.1057/S41599-025-05382-X

Flooding the Feed: The Politics of Social Media Sharing Among Defensive Publics

Autori: Katharina Tittel, William Allen, Pedro Ramaciotti
Pubblicato in: Political Communication, 2025, ISSN 1058-4609
Editore: Informa UK Limited
DOI: 10.1080/10584609.2025.2588248

Scientific Reports

Autori: Hendrik Bruns; François J. Dessart; Michal Wiktor Krawczyk; Stephan Lewandowsky; Myrto Pantazi; Gordon Pennycook; Philipp Schmid; Laura Smillie
Pubblicato in: Scientific Reports, 2023, ISSN 2045-2322
Editore: Nature Publishing Group
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-024-71599-6

Conference proceedings (4)

Discovering ideological structures in representation learning spaces in recommender systems on social media data

Autori: Tim Faverjon, Pedro Ramaciotti
Pubblicato in: 2023 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining, 2023
DOI: 10.1145/3625007.3627336

Modeling Both Pairwise Interactions and Group Effects in Polarization on Interaction Networks

Autori: Duncan Cassells; Lionel Tabourier; Pedro Ramaciotti
Pubblicato in: Springer Proceedings in Complexity, 2024, ISBN 978-3-031-57515-0
Editore: Springer Nature
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-57515-0_4

The Candide model: How narratives emerge where observations meet beliefs

Autori: Paul Van Eecke, Lara Verheyen, Tom Willaert, Katrien Beuls
Pubblicato in: Proceedings of the 5th workshop on narrative understanding, 2023
Editore: Association for Computational Linguistics
DOI: 10.18653/v1/2023.wnu-1.7

Emoji, Language Games and Political Polarisation

Autori: Sara Luxmoore, Pedro Ramaciotti Morales, Jonathan Cardoso-Silva
Pubblicato in: Proceedings of the Computational Humanities Research Conference 2023, 2023, ISSN 1613-0073
Editore: ceur-ws.org

Monographic books (3)

The Anti-Autocracy Handbook: A Scholars' Guide to Navigating Democratic Backsliding

Autori: Lewandowsky, Stephan; Kempe, Vera; Armaos, Konstantinos; Hahn, Ulrike; Abels, Christoph M.; Wibisono, Susilo; Louis, Winnifred; Sah, Sunita; Pagel, Christina; Jankowicz, Nina; DiResta, Renee; Markolin, Philipp; Schönemann, Henrik; Hertwig, Ralph; Crull, Henry; Mauer, Barry; Holford, Dawn; Lopez-Lopez, Ezequiel; Cook, John
Pubblicato in: EU Open Research Repository, 2025
Editore: European Commission
DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.15696097

Memory in the Digital Age: Bridge or Battlefield?

Autori: Marjan Horvat; Jan Babnik; Darko Darovec; Angelika Ergaver; Jure Koražija; Urška Lampe; Žiga Oman; Tadej Škvorc; Polona Tratnik
Pubblicato in: 2026
Editore: Institute IRRIS for Research, Development and Strategies of Society, Culture and Environment

Das Anti-Autokratie-Handbuch: Ein Leitfaden für Forschende zum Umgang mit erodierenden Demokratien

Autori: Lewandowsky, Stephan; Kempe, Vera; Armaos, Konstantinos; Hahn, Ulrike; Abels, Christoph M.; Wibisono, Susilo; Louis, Winnifred; Sah, Sunita; Pagel, Christina; Jankowicz, Nina; DiResta, Renee; Markolin, Philipp; Schönemann, Henrik; Hertwig, Ralph; Crull, Henry; Mauer, Barry; Holford, Dawn; Lopez-Lopez, Ezequiel; Cook, John
Pubblicato in: 2025
Editore: zenodo
DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.17627568

Other (1)

Cultural Memory from Antagonism to Deliberation in (Social) Media: AI Approach

Autori: Horvat, Marjan; Koražija, Jure; Babnik, Jan; Skvorc, Tadej; Robnik-Šikonja, Marko
Pubblicato in: 2025
Editore: zenodo
DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.15669714