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Understanding malignant transformation of precancerous lesions in human colon

Descrizione del progetto

Comprendere l’evoluzione del cancro

Lo sviluppo neoplastico comporta una serie di mutazioni e cambiamenti epigenetici nei geni guida; ciononostante, lo studio dell’evoluzione del cancro risulta impegnativo a causa della difficoltà di approfondire gli eventi precancerosi. Finanziato dal Consiglio europeo della ricerca, il progetto Transformation si propone di comprendere il modo in cui i genomi dei tumori umani si evolvono verso la neoplasia, nonché le cause che provocano questo processo. A tal fine, i ricercatori genereranno modelli organoidi unici di tumori del colon in fase iniziale per studiare i cambiamenti del genoma, comprese le mutazioni e le alterazioni cromosomiche. Inoltre, l’esame del ruolo svolto dall’ambiente effettuato da Transformation fornirà una comprensione più completa dell’evoluzione del cancro e della progressione da adenomi benigni a tumori maligni.

Obiettivo

A crucial milestone in tumor progression is the transformation from a benign adenoma to a malignant cancer, which has profound impact on clinical outcome and therapy design. Despite its importance, it is poorly understood why it manifests itself as a bottleneck that can restrain precancerous adenomas for years. While recent sequencing efforts inform static insights into the status of cancer genomes, these are incomplete to infer how they evolved, assess functional consequence of mutations, nor how much malignancy is environmentally instructed.

Practical limitations hamper scientific advancement into the dynamic nature of tumor evolution. Foremost, studying human tumor evolution is challenging as sequential sampling is not feasible, and pre-malignant events that may hold the clue for understanding transformation often occur years before cancer diagnosis. Moreover, experimental models that reflect malignant transformation, let alone of human origin, are lacking.

TRANSFORMATION aims to resolve how human cancer genomes evolve towards malignancy, and its role in triggering malignancy.

To gain new insights on this matter, TRANSFORMATION takes a unique approach to produce experimental insights into evolutionary parameters that are inherently dynamic in nature and cannot be obtained from tumor sequencing alone. Using paired biopsies from early-stage colon cancers, I generated unique organoid models from pre- and post-transformation regions. Together with in situ analysis of matched tumors, TRANSFORMATION will reveal the elusive rate and order by which mutations and copy-number alterations are acquired, the patterns by which cancer karyotypes evolve, dissecting functional from non-functional genetic heterogeneity on tumor phenotypes and investigate possible selection pressures imposed by environmental conditions.

TRANSFORMATION will solve how colon tumors evolve pre-malignancy, which properties promote malignancy and why transformation is an evolutionary bottleneck.

Campo scientifico (EuroSciVoc)

CORDIS classifica i progetti con EuroSciVoc, una tassonomia multilingue dei campi scientifici, attraverso un processo semi-automatico basato su tecniche NLP.

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Meccanismo di finanziamento

HORIZON-ERC - HORIZON ERC Grants

Istituzione ospitante

UNIVERSITAIR MEDISCH CENTRUM UTRECHT
Contribution nette de l'UE
€ 1 998 750,00
Indirizzo
HEIDELBERGLAAN 100
3584 CX Utrecht
Paesi Bassi

Mostra sulla mappa

Tipo di attività
Higher or Secondary Education Establishments
Collegamenti
Costo totale
€ 1 998 750,00

Beneficiari (1)