Foundations of Algorithmic Contract Theory

Descrizione del progetto

Espansione della teoria dei contratti algoritmici per l’applicazione nel mondo reale

I contratti sono strumenti economici con cui un «responsabile» incentiva i «rappresentanti» a esercitare uno sforzo retribuito per suo conto. La negoziazione di contratti online è aumentata in modo esponenziale, anche in settori come i servizi di freelance e i corsi online. Inoltre, la portata e la complessità di questi contratti sono aumentate enormemente, rendendo l’uso dei dati al contempo possibile e critico nelle negoziazioni. Pertanto, è necessario un approccio algoritmico alla progettazione dei contratti. La teoria dei contratti algoritmici, proposta in un articolo pionieristico del 2006, può soddisfare questa esigenza. Il progetto FACT, finanziato dal CER e avviato da un coautore dell’articolo originale, mira a far progredire la teoria dei contratti algoritmici, migliorandone l’applicabilità alla moderna negoziazione di contratti online e stabilendo una teoria fondamentale per la progettazione di contratti algoritmici.

Obiettivo

Algorithmic game theory (AGT) lies at the intersection of algorithms and incentives, offering a framework for the design of algorithms that provide incentives for collaboration in computational markets. AGT has played a pivotal role in shaping vital computing platforms. One of the most influential fields within AGT is algorithmic mechanism design, providing incentives for truthful revelation of private information.
An equally important intersection of algorithms and incentives arises in the design of algorithms incentivizing self-interested agents to exert costly effort in executing their tasks. Incentivizing effort was studied with great success in the economics field of contract theory.
As classic applications of effort incentivization move to computational platforms, including huge computational markets for freelancing services, marketing, and online courses, they grow in scale and complexity and become data-driven. In this evolving landscape, adopting an algorithmic approach to contract design is essential. This includes a language for analyzing the computational complexity of contracts in combinatorial settings, tools for studying simplicity-optimality tradeoffs, and a formalism for analyzing data-driven contracts.
In 2006, I co-authored the pioneering paper applying an algorithmic lens to contract design, marking the inception of the field of algorithmic contract theory (ACT) and foreshadowed future developments. However, it is only in recent years that the scientific landscape and computational platforms have matured to a stage where ACT has become a prominent field in AGT.
Preliminary research in ACT has been enlightening. However, the state of the art of ACT still lags far behind full applicability in Internet applications, largely due to disregard of crucial real-world aspects. The paramount goal of this project is to establish a foundational theory for algorithmic contract design that will bridge this gap and inform the design of real-world applications.