Projektbeschreibung
Erforschung der Rolle von Lianen in tropischen Wäldern
Tropenwälder sind lebenswichtige Bestandteile des Systems unserer Erde. Jedoch ist über ihre Rolle im globalen Kohlenstoffkreislauf nur wenig bekannt. Einen großen Unsicherheitsfaktor stellt dabei die fehlende Einbeziehung von Lianen dar, also Schlingpflanzen, die in tropischen Wäldern immer häufiger anzutreffen sind. Lianen könnten bei der Anpassung der Tropenwälder an den Klimawandel ein wichtiger Mechanismus sein. Da Lianen in derzeitigen Modellen für terrestrische Ökosysteme jedoch nicht berücksichtigt werden, ist es schwierig, ihren tatsächlichen Einfluss zu verstehen. Vor diesem Hintergrund zielt das EU-finanzierte Projekt TREECLIMBERS darauf ab, das erste Vegetationsmodell aufzubauen, in dem Lianen einbezogen werden und mit dem eine umfassende Untersuchung ihres Beitrags zur Kohlenstoffdynamik, zur Struktur des Kronendachs, zu demografischen Prozessen und zur Widerstandsfähigkeit von Wäldern gegenüber Dürreereignissen durchgeführt werden kann.
Ziel
Tropical forests are essential components of the earth system. Yet, much uncertainty exists about the exact role of this biome in the global carbon cycle. Our limited understanding of tropical forest functioning is reflected in uncertain global vegetation model projections. A large source of uncertainty in these models is their representation of ecosystem demographic processes. Interestingly, fieldwork has revealed lianas as important components of tropical forests, which are apparently increasing in abundance. Liana proliferation might be a key adaptation mechanism of tropical forests to climate change, which has potentially large impacts on the long term tropical forest biome carbon balance. Nevertheless, no single terrestrial ecosystem model currently includes lianas. TREECLIMBERS will generate important insights into the mechanisms by which lianas influence the carbon balance of tropical forests, by building the first vegetation model that includes lianas. We will make the first integrative study of (1) the contribution of lianas to instantaneous carbon and water fluxes, (2) liana contribution and influence on canopy structure, (3) their role for long term demographic processes, and (4) of their role in forest responses to drought events. TREECLIMBERS will develop the first liana plant functional type (PFT) by combining a unique global meta-analysis of existing data with innovative terrestrial LiDAR 3D measurements of the canopy to study the contribution of lianas to the canopy structure. New and available data will be integrated in the Ecosystem Demography (ED) model, a forerunner of the next generation of vegetation models. By using model-data fusion we will, for the first time, integrate the large amount of available and emerging liana data, leading to an integrated insight into the role of lianas in tropical forest functioning. This project aims to show that shifts in floristic composition due to global change may have important impacts in tropical forests.
Wissenschaftliches Gebiet
- natural sciencesearth and related environmental scienceshydrology
- agricultural sciencesagriculture, forestry, and fisheriesagriculturehorticulturearboriculture
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesecologyecosystems
- natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesatmospheric sciencesclimatologyclimatic changes
- agricultural sciencesagricultural biotechnologybiomass
Programm/Programme
Thema/Themen
Finanzierungsplan
ERC-STG - Starting GrantGastgebende Einrichtung
9000 Gent
Belgien