Description du projet
Révéler l’impact caché de la qualité de l’air et du bruit des transports individuels sur la santé
L’augmentation des maladies cardiovasculaires au sein de la population a suscité un regain d’appréhension et de curiosité à l’égard de leurs causes potentielles. La qualité de l’air et le niveau de bruit auquel sont soumis les gens lors de leurs déplacements personnels sont considérés comme des facteurs déterminants. Financé par le Conseil européen de la recherche, le projet MobiliSense entend utiliser des méthodologies et des pratiques issues de différents domaines tels que la géographie, les sciences du transport et l’épidémiologie. L’objectif du projet est de mieux comprendre l’impact sur la santé des individus de la pollution de l’air et de l’exposition au bruit pendant leurs déplacements personnels. Plus précisément, le projet observera environ 300 participants, à l’aide de plusieurs capteurs, afin d’étudier de manière approfondie les effets de la pollution atmosphérique et de l’exposition au bruit sur leur bien-être général.
Objectif
To support policies at the European and national levels, MobiliSense aims to explore the effects of air pollution and noise exposure related to personal transport habits on respiratory and cardiovascular health. Building on methods from Epidemiology, Geography, and Transport sciences, the objectives of MobiliSense are to quantify the contribution of personal transport to the air pollution and noise exposure of individuals; to compare the air pollution and noise exposure in the different transport modes; to investigate whether total and transport-related personal exposure to air pollutants and noise are associated with short-term and two-year changes in respiratory and cardiovascular health; and to examine whether transport-related exposures mediate socioeconomic disparities in health. The MobiliSense project will use passive and active sensors of location, behaviour, environmental nuisances, and health in a representative sample of 1000 participants followed-up over two years. It addresses a gap in knowledge: (i) by assessing transport behaviour over 8 days with GPS receivers and an electronic mobility survey; (ii) by considering the personal exposure to both air pollution and noise and improving its characterisation (inhaled doses, noise frequency components, impulsive noise, and interactions with subjective annoyance); (iii) by measuring a wide range of respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes (smartphone-assessed respiratory symptoms, lung function assessed by spirometry and impedance pneumography, resting blood pressure, ambulatory brachial / central blood pressure, and heart rate variability); and (iv) by investigating short-term and longer-term effects of transport. To assist policy-makers, the final aim is to deliver a simulation tool permitting to determine the extent to which scenarios (i) of changes in personal transport behaviour and (ii) of changes in exposure levels during transport affect individual exposure and respiratory / cardiovascular health.
Champ scientifique
- medical and health scienceshealth sciencespublic healthepidemiology
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringair pollution engineering
- engineering and technologyelectrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineeringelectronic engineeringsensors
- natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesenvironmental sciencespollution
- natural sciencescomputer and information sciencessoftwaresoftware applicationssimulation software
Programme(s)
Régime de financement
ERC-COG - Consolidator GrantInstitution d’accueil
75654 Paris
France