ICE GENESIS achieved the following:
- WP1 Project management: Necessary tools and procedures to manage the project were put in place. Continuous efforts were made to tackle the difficulties faced and limit their impact.
- WP2 Dissemination & exploitation: Dissemination of results was ensured through several publications, public events and presentations to major conferences. Public deliverables were published on the project’s website.
- WP3 Consolidation of specifications & test plans. Test follow up: Some specifications were defined for test facilities and numerical tools for each of the ICE GENESIS streams: supercooled liquid icing (including SLD conditions) and snow.
- WP4 Instrumentation for liquid icing conditions: The best suited instrumentation to characterize liquid icing conditions was selected and evaluated for each facility. It included measurement of Particle Size Distribution, Liquid Water Content, cloud homogeneity, droplet temperature (Global Rainbow Technique), and ice accretions (3D Scanning System).
- WP5 Instrumentation for snow and microphysical properties: Valuable falling snow data was gathered through field campaigns, including flight tests. Considerable efforts were made on the data processing to retrieve the snow characteristics. A selection of the most appropriate instrumentation for flight test and snow facility calibration was also performed.
- WP6 SLD test capability: The App. O calibration of CIRA (TRL4) and RTA (TRL5) icing wind tunnels was performed following a procedure defined in the project. It enabled to achieve upgraded capabilities for both facilities, in particular for freezing drizzle conditions. A preliminary capability for freezing rain was even demonstrated at RTA.
- WP7 Snow test capability: Snow generation systems were developed, integrated and calibrated at RTA and NRC in accordance with calibration procedure defined within the project. RTA achieved TRL4, while NRC RATFac was TRL4/5.
- WP8 Wind tunnel tests preparation and performance for liquid icing and snow conditions: The following tests were performed: 3D wing mock-up at CIRA (App. C & O), cascade rig at Cranfield University (App. C), fan rotor in NRC AIWT (App.C) NACA0012 airfoil at RTA and NRC (Snow). A common experimental database, partially public, was also established, gathering data from ICE GENESIS and previous projects.
- WP9 Numerical capability development for liquid icing conditions: Numerical capabilities for SLD conditions were developed, focusing on 3 main aspects: experimental investigations of SLD impact on a surface, modelling of the physical phenomena observed, and development of numerical methods (3D Predictor-Corrector, Multi-Step calculations). The 3D tools upgraded with the SLD models were then evaluated on ice accretion test cases and achieved TRL4.
- WP10 Numerical capability development for snow: Several physical phenomena related to snow were modelled, starting from existing ice crystals models. The sticking and erosion models reached TRL3 while the transport models were sufficiently mature to demonstrate TRL4.
- WP11 Numerical tools validation in industrial environment: The upgraded liquid icing tools were evaluated on partner-specific and common test cases, achieving TRL4. Best practices were defined. Regarding snow tools, an additional optimization of the sticking and erosion models was performed at industrial level and the tools were then assessed by comparison with experimental results. It highlighted the major progress made, as well as the main gaps to be covered in further studies.
