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Investigation into the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying NEmatode recognition by the Ma resistance protein in perennial plum roots

Descrizione del progetto

L’immunità naturale delle piante verso i parassiti potrebbe proteggere importanti colture

I nematodi galligeni delle radici (RKN, Root-knot nematodes) sono tra le più importanti specie nocive per le colture tra i vermi parassiti. Essi attaccano le radici di quasi ogni specie di pianta superiore, tra cui alberi, arbusti e piante erbacee, e sono diffusi in tutto il mondo. Sfruttare l’immunità innata delle piante potrebbe fornire una soluzione per il controllo ecocompatibile delle infestazioni da RKN. Il gene recettore immunitario Ma protegge alcuni alberi da un ampio numero di specie di RKN. Oltre alla classica struttura riscontrata in geni della stessa famiglia in altre specie di piante, Ma mostra una lunga regione terminale con domini ripetuti, che potrebbe svolgere un importante ruolo nell’immunità. Il progetto IMMUNE, finanziato dall’UE, si prefigge di rivelare i meccanismi molecolari attraverso cui Ma attiva una risposta immunitaria ai RKN, rivolgendo una particolare attenzione a questa regione.

Obiettivo

Plant-parasitic nematodes are major root pathogens that affect drastically plant development and growth. Predominant species, such as the root-knot nematodes (RKNs) Meloidogyne spp., represent a global threat for annual and perennial crops causing huge crop losses worldwide. In Europe, RKNs were mainly controlled by toxic pesticides that are getting banned. One of the most promising alternative to pesticides is to rely on biological control and on the plant innate immunity for disease resistance in crops. The plant immune system is a multi-layered network that enables the detection of pathogens using different classes of receptors. The presence/absence of such receptor can determine whether or not the plant will be resistant/susceptible to a particular disease. At INRA Sophia Agrobiotech Institute (ISA), an immune receptor gene Ma, from the toll/interleukin-1 receptor, nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat (TIR-NB-LRR or TNL) family, has been cloned from the plum tree Prunus cerasifera where it provides a broad resistance against numerous RKN species. A unique feature of Ma resides in five repeated exons encoding a large C-terminal extention. Interestingly, each of those exons carries a recently characterized post-LRR (PL) domain which is found in a single copy in many other TNLs from different plant species. The PL domain’s function remains unknown but its conservation suggests an important role in TNLs. The peculiar architecture of Ma provides a great opportunity to decipher the involvement of the PL domain in TNL–mediated immunity. Combining complementary approaches, the proposed IMMUNE project aims to describe how Ma triggers immunity in response to RKNs in plant roots and how the PL domain participates in the recognition and signalling. This project, undertaken by Dr Simon Saucet at ISA, will provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of plant immunity and contribute to the development of methods to control RKNs infection in crops.

Coordinatore

INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE POUR L'AGRICULTURE, L'ALIMENTATION ET L'ENVIRONNEMENT
Contribution nette de l'UE
€ 184 707,84
Indirizzo
147 RUE DE L'UNIVERSITE
75007 Paris
Francia

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Regione
Ile-de-France Ile-de-France Paris
Tipo di attività
Research Organisations
Collegamenti
Costo totale
€ 184 707,84