Descrizione del progetto
Il grano europeo sottoposto a stress termico può indicare la via alle cause alla base della riduzione della resa delle culture
Gli organismi poliploidi (quelli che hanno più di due serie di cromosomi accoppiati) forniscono un interessante laboratorio naturale per studiare le alterazioni genetiche e le diverse funzioni per gli stessi geni (sub-o neo-funzionalizzazione). L’RNA traduce il codice genetico per la sintesi proteica nelle cellule figlie. I cambiamenti in singoli nucleotidi di RNA (polimorfismi a singolo nucleotide o SNP) possono portare a cambiamenti complessi nella struttura 3D dell’RNA. Oltre ai collegamenti con le malattie, le alterazioni strutturali dell’RNA sono anche il substrato biologico dell’evoluzione e dell’adattamento ambientale. Il progetto INSPIRATION sta studiando le variazioni strutturali indotte dai SNP nell’RNA nel grano poliploide. Gli scienziati sperano di chiarire se tale variazione sia correlata alla sub-o neo-funzionalizzazione e se ciò svolge un ruolo nella tolleranza allo stress da calore, con implicazioni per i raccolti.
Obiettivo
Polyploidization is one of the major driving forces of plant evolution and crop domestication and plays a key role in plant environmental adaptation. The function of multiple gene copies (homoeologous genes) from different subgenomes can vary from each other (sub/neofunctionalization), which is considered as the key to understanding polyploidy evolution and environmental adaptation. However, most sequence variations between homoeologous genes lie on the non-coding region or are synonymous mutations, which cannot lead to codon change. To data, very little is known about how the vast majority of sequence variations over the gene body regions drives subgenomes sub/neofunctionalization in polyploidy.
Recently, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) induced RNA structural alteration is demonstrated to play key roles in post-transcriptional regulations such as RNA decay and splicing. Further studies in human disease showed that SNP-induced RNA structural changes are associated with diverse human disease and phenotypes. And also, temperature can affect the RNA structures that more stably folded mRNAs tended to show lower decay rate. This brought attention to the existing function of synonymous mutations as well as non-coding SNPs. Thus, I hypothesize that SNP-induced RNA structural alteration might lead to the subgenomes sub/neofunctionalization and play an important role in temperature stress response.
As tetraploid wheat is widely grown in the Europe and its yield is severely affected by heat stress, I will test my hypothesis in tetraploid wheat. Firstly, genome-wide RNA secondary structure profiling will be applied to compare SNP-induced RNA structure variations between subgenomes in tetraploid wheat. Secondly, I will investigate the roles of SNP-induced RNA structure variations in RNA stability and splicing pattern changes between subgenomes. Finally, I will assess the role of SNP-induced RNA structure variations in response to high temperature.
Campo scientifico
Parole chiave
Programma(i)
Argomento(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Coordinatore
NR4 7UH Norwich
Regno Unito