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Modular Design of Bacterial Lipid Mimics for Next-Generation Antimicrobials

Projektbeschreibung

Die nächste Generation von Antimikrobiotika

Antimikrobielle Resistenz ist ein zunehmendes Gesundheitsproblem, das die Wirksamkeit bestehender Antibiotika einschränkt. Angesichts des Aufkommens von wirkstoffresistenten, pathogenen Bakterien ist die Entwicklung neuer antimikrobieller Lösungen geboten. Um diesem Bedarf nachzukommen, wird das EU-finanzierte Projekt AmCaLiStat Wirkstoffe gegen den Lipopolysaccharid-Bestandteil Lipid A entwickeln, der die Lipopolysaccharide an der Membran von gramnegativen Bakterien verankert. Der Gedanke dahinter ist es, die Lipidanordnungen zu stören, die für die Unversehrtheit der Membran und das Überleben von Pathogenen verantwortlich sind. Mithilfe einer speziellen Statistiksoftware werden die Forschenden die Korrelationen zwischen dem Aufbau und der Wirksamkeit von Wirkstoffen gegen Lipid A erforschen, um den Weg zur Entwicklung vielversprechender neuer Antimikrobiotika auf modularer, synthetischer Basis zu ebnen. Neben neuen Wirkstoffen könnte dieser Ansatz zugleich die Potenzierung obsoleter Antimikrobiotika in Aussicht stellen.

Ziel

"Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria is a growing public health crisis, as common drugs are becoming ineffective against many species of pathogenic bacteria. This research aims to devise highly specific and stable antimicrobials, which target the amphiphilic component that anchors LPS to Gram-negative bacterial membranes, “Lipid A”, for direct antimicrobial effect and to potentiate other antimicrobials. Taking inspiration from bacterial lipids, which possess multiple tails and a polybasic headgroup, synthetic cationic lipidoids have the potential to be highly specific bacterial membrane-targeting antimicrobials. Preliminary results demonstrate that some cationic lipidoids bind and disrupt bacterial lipid assemblies, and significantly inhibit the growth of E. coli at micromolar concentrations. However, the breadth of potential molecular structures arising from the range of available starting materials makes the search for optimum compounds an insurmountable task. This proposal outlines an innovative use of statistical software to steer modular synthetic design and expedite the identification of promising new antimicrobials. Relative to a ""one-factor-at-a-time"" approach, statistical design can quickly uncover correlations between structure and activity, and unexpected interactions between structural variables, thus accelerating the discovery of antimicrobial compounds that would not otherwise be obvious. In addition to uncovering new compounds selective to bacteria, libraries of lipidoids will be investigated to help uncover design rules for the effect of shape on membrane interactions, and generic mechanisms of membrane-targeting antimicrobial action. Results could also lead to new means to potentiate obsolete antimicrobials that are impermeable to bacterial membranes, or act as a chaperone for highly effective but relatively unstable antimicrobial peptides."

Koordinator

UNIVERSITAET GRAZ
Netto-EU-Beitrag
€ 174 167,04
Adresse
Universitatsplatz 3
8010 Graz
Österreich

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Region
Südösterreich Steiermark Graz
Aktivitätstyp
Higher or Secondary Education Establishments
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