Projektbeschreibung
Wie flüssige organische Wasserstoffträger die Wasserstoffspeicherung freisetzen können
Wasserstoff ist ein sauberer, effizienter Energieträger in verschiedenen mobilen Brennstoffzellenanwendungen. Die Wasserstoffspeicherung gilt jedoch als Engpassproblem. Eine Lösung können flüssige organische Wasserstoffträger sein, die große Mengen an Wasserstoff speichern und bei Bedarf reinen Wasserstoff freisetzen können. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird das EU-finanzierte Projekt SHERLOHCK aktive und selektive Katalysatoren mit teilweiser oder vollständiger Substitution des Platingruppenmetalls entwickeln. Um die Energieintensität während des Be- und Entladevorgangs zu reduzieren, werden die Projektpartner eine neuartige katalytische Systemarchitektur entwickeln. Zur Minimierung des internen Wärmeverlusts und zur Erhöhung der Raum-Zeit-Ausbeute reicht diese Architektur vom Katalysator bis zum Wärmetauscher.
Ziel
Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHC), consisting on a reversible transformation catalytically activated of a pair of stable liquid organic molecules integrated on hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycles, are attractive due to their ability to store safely large amounts of hydrogen (up to 7 %wt or 2.300 KWh/ton) during long time and release pure hydrogen on demand. Proof of concept and some commercial solutions exist but still suffer from high cost and energy needed to facilitate catalytic reactions.
In order to reduce the system cost for LOHC technology to 3 €/Kg for large scale applications SherLOHCk project targets joint developments consisting on :i) highly active and selective catalyst with partial/total substitution of PGM and thermo-conductive catalyst support to reduce the energy intensity during loading/unloading processes: ii) novel catalytic system architecture ranging from the catalyst to the heat exchanger to minimize the internal heat loss and to increase space-time-yield and iii) novel catalyst testing, system validation and demonstration in demo unit (>10 kW, >200h); to drastically improve their technical performances and energy storage efficiency of LOHCs:
A combination of challenges for the catalyst material, catalyst system and their related energy storage capabilities will constitute the core of a catalyst system for LOHC, that will be validated first at a lab scale, then in a demo unit > 10kW. As a whole they will enable the reduction of Energy intensity during loading/unloading processes, a higher efficiency and increased lifetime. Technological, economical and societal bottlenecks are considered to determine the economic viability, balance of energy and the environmental footprint of novel catalyst synthesis route.
Scale-up of the obtained solutions will be carried out together with technology comparison with other hydrogen logistic concepts based on LCA and TCO considerations to finally improve economic viability of the LOHC technology.
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