Projektbeschreibung
Instrumente zum Schutz der Demokratie vor Populismus
Die anwachsenden populistischen Bewegungen bringen Menschen gegen eine sogenannte Elite – bestehend aus der Justiz, den Massenmedien, der Politik, der Wissenschaft und Fachleuten – auf. Das vom Europäischen Forschungsrat finanzierte Projekt PRODEMINFO wird untersuchen, wie Menschen Wahrheit inmitten von Falschmeldungen und Verschwörungstheorien wahrnehmen, und den Umfang sowie die Inhalte von Fehlinformationen bestimmen. Dazu wird das Projektteam kontrollierte Verhaltensexperimente und kognitive Versuche mit Big-Data-Analysen von sozialen Medien, Simulationsmodellierungen von Online-Verhalten sowie Textmodellierungen großer Korpora verknüpfen. Anhand der Ergebnisse sollen Maßnahmen erarbeitet werden, die dazu dienen, falsche Informationen aufzudecken und das Bewusstsein für Fakten zu schärfen.
Ziel
"Democracy is under threat. Populist movements—mainly but not exclusively on the political right—have pitted ""the people'' against a presumed ""elite'' that is variously constructed to include the judiciary, mainstream media, politicians, experts, and academics. PRODEMINFO builds on the realization that factual inaccuracy can be a political asset rather than a liability: Populist politicians may state obvious falsehoods to signal disregard for the ""establishment"" norm of honesty, thus identifying themselves as authentic champions of ""the people."" The rebranding of inaccuracy as authenticity reflects a profound shift in the underlying ontology of truth: Whereas liberal democracy is tied to a realist ontology of truth and a shared body of accepted knowledge, the populist ontology of truth is entirely constructivist and subjective. Understanding, documenting, and then addressing this ontological shift is crucial because it drastically changes the way in which one might confront misinformation—there is little point in correcting falsehoods if facts are not considered a relevant attribute of public discourse. PRODEMINFO will build tools to protect democracy in Europe by drawing a strategic arc from the threat arising from the insurgent populist ontology of truth to the development of protective solutions that can be rolled out at scale online. The objectives of PRODEMINFO are (1) to understand contemporary misinformation in Europe and how it connects to people's tacit ontology of truth; (2) to develop countermessages based on inoculation theory that are sensitive to people's different ontologies (e.g. addressing authenticity rather than accuracy of political speech); and (3) to test such countermessages at scale on social media. PRODEMINFO will pursue these objectives by combining controlled behavioural and cognitive experimentation with ""big data'' analyses of social media, simulation modelling of behaviour online, and text modelling of large corpora."
Wissenschaftliches Gebiet
Programm/Programme
Thema/Themen
Finanzierungsplan
ERC-ADG - Advanced GrantGastgebende Einrichtung
BS8 1QU Bristol
Vereinigtes Königreich