Descrizione del progetto
Sfruttamento ambientale delle forze politiche nazionali
Molte politiche applicate per affrontare i cambiamenti climatici e altre questioni ambientali non ottengono risultati soddisfacenti. Come spiegano questo fallimento le istituzioni politico-economiche? Qual è l’impatto di questa situazione sull’attuazione di accordi e contratti ambientali? Il progetto EXPLOIT, finanziato dall’UE, elaborerà modelli dinamici di economia politica, combinati con modelli dei cambiamenti climatici e di altri problemi ambientali, per capire quali forze o vincoli di economia politica spieghino le inadeguatezze osservate nelle politiche ambientali. EXPLOIT studierà inoltre come le politiche ambientali internazionali possano sfruttare le forze politiche nazionali, basandosi sulla teoria dei contratti e sull’economia organizzativa al fine di analizzare il modo in cui le politiche internazionali possono usare le richieste di impegno dei titolari inadempienti nel tempo, in che modo i pregiudizi sullo status-quo offrono credibilità e come la disattenzione consente la persuasione.
Obiettivo
We need a theory to explain why society has so far failed to address climate change and other environmental problems. After all, it has been able to deal with other challenges, ranging from wars to trade barriers and, most recently, Covid-19. In this project, we seek to shed light on two important questions:
I. What political economics forces explain the failure to deal with environmental problems?
II. How can environmental agreements and contracts exploit domestic political forces?
The first, positive, part seeks to develop dynamic political economics models that can be combined with models of climate change and other environmental problems. The goal is to learn more about what political economics forces or constraints are best able to explain the observed inefficiencies in environmental policies. This knowledge is necessary before we can analyse which policies are best – subject to the relevant constraints.
The second, normative, part is more groundbreaking because it investigates how international environmental policies can exploit the political forces that are important at the domestic level.
Intuitively, when desirable policies are hindered by political forces, such as present bias and time inconsistency, an incumbent may value a treaty that offers pre-commitments or credibility. This value implies that the incumbent can be persuaded to contribute more (to emission cuts, for example) if the agreement is designed so that it helps the incumbent overcome domestic political constraints. By drawing on contract theory and organizational economics, we will investigate how international policies can exploit time-inconsistent incumbents’ demands for commitment, how status-quo biases offer credibility, and how inattention permits persuasion.
The project will contribute methodologically to political economics and contract theory. The lessons for policymakers may be invaluable.
Campo scientifico
Parole chiave
Programma(i)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Argomento(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
HORIZON-ERC - HORIZON ERC GrantsIstituzione ospitante
0313 Oslo
Norvegia