Descrizione del progetto
Studiare la politica e le istituzioni dei mercati del lavoro online
I mercati del lavoro tradizionali sono oggi in una fase di stallo. La rapida crescita dei mercati del lavoro online ha attirato l'attenzione di organizzazioni globali come la Banca Mondiale e il Centro comune di ricerca della Commissione europea. Queste piattaforme virtuali, che mettono in contatto i datori di lavoro con i lavoratori qualificati al di là delle frontiere, hanno registrato un tasso di crescita annuo sorprendente, fino al 60 %, che merita di essere approfondito. In risposta, il progetto iLABOUR, finanziato dal CER, intende far luce sulle politiche e le istituzioni che governano questi mercati del lavoro di nuova generazione. In particolare, esplorerà l'emergere di movimenti transnazionali del lavoro online. Il progetto prevede l'esplorazione di siti di ricerca virtuali e fisici, la conduzione di sondaggi, interviste e osservazioni con progettisti e lavoratori, nonché l'estrazione di dati online.
Obiettivo
"World Bank, EC Joint Research Centre, and other bodies have recently highlighted the potential of online labour markets to boost employment and economic growth. While national job markets have stagnated, online labour markets that connect firms with knowledge and service workers around the world have grown up to 60% a year.
An overlooked aspect of these markets is that they extricate workers and employers from national institutional frameworks, such as employment law and collective bargaining, and instead impose their own, technologically enforced institutions. For example, a leading marketplace recently instated a global minimum wage of 4.00 USD/h. With over 540,000 employers and 4,000,000 registered workers in 180 countries, this Californian company is making critical labour policy decisions that influence businesses and individuals from Berlin to Manila.
The objective of this project is to lay bare the politics and institutions of these next-generation labour markets promoted with discourses of technological progress. Whose interests find expression in their institutions? Some online workers have begun to organize transnationally with the help of digital media. How do online labour movements emerge and assert power on these markets? And finally, to what extent are these relations still reducible to struggles between capital and labour, rather than more ambiguous networked models of production?
We will tackle these questions through a combination of conventional social research methods and innovative Internet research methods, on both virtual research sites (online labour markets and workers' online communities) and physical research sites (market operators' premises and worker gatherings). We survey, interview, and observe designers and workers to reconstruct processes through which online markets, institutions, and movements are shaped, and ""scrape"" online data to quantify their influence. The results will open up important new vistas in labour policy debate."
Campo scientifico
Programma(i)
Argomento(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
ERC-STG - Starting GrantIstituzione ospitante
OX1 2JD Oxford
Regno Unito