Descrizione del progetto
Comprendere le eterogeneità nel mercato del lavoro
I risultati del mercato del lavoro sono eterogenei tra paesi e generi. Il progetto MaMiLabor, finanziato dall’UE, farà progredire la nostra comprensione delle conseguenze previste e non previste di diverse politiche pubbliche sulla condotta e sui risultati del mercato del lavoro. Da un punto di vista macroeconomico, analizzerà il ruolo degli effetti del reddito e dello stato sociale come motori responsabili delle differenze nelle ore lavorate in base al livello di sviluppo. Adottando una prospettiva microeconomica, MaMiLabor si concentrerà sulle questioni di genere nel mercato del lavoro, analizzando l’impatto delle politiche di congedo di maternità sul successo delle donne nel mercato del lavoro, il ruolo della sperimentazione nel ridurre la tendenza delle donne a evitare posizioni competitive e l’effetto di una percentuale femminile crescente sul salario medio in un’occupazione.
Obiettivo
This proposal analyzes labor markets from both a macro- and a microeconomic perspective. It consists of four subprojects with the common objective to significantly advance our understanding of heterogeneities in labor market behavior and outcomes. The subprojects lead to novel insights regarding the intended and unintended consequences of different public policies, ranging from educational policies over the welfare state to maternal leave policies. The starting point of the first subproject are recently documented patterns of hours worked by productivity on the aggregate and individual level. Based on a macroeconomic model, it analyzes the role of subsistence consumption and the welfare state as driving forces of hours worked differences by level of development. The remaining three subprojects focus on gender. The second subproject investigates whether maternity leave policies have negative consequences for the labor market success of women of child-bearing age by lowering the expected length of a match for employers. It exploits variation in maternal leave policies across German states in an empirical analysis, whose estimates inform a frictional labor market model that allows conducting counterfactual policy experiments. The third subproject asks whether the possibility of experimentation reduces the inclination of women to shy away from competitive settings. Exploiting both within- and cross-country variation, it tests whether the reversibility of choices in secondary school has an effect on the willingness of girls vs. boys to specialize in math-intensive subjects, and thereby ultimately on educational and labor market outcomes. The fourth subproject analyzes whether an increase in the share of women in an occupation leads to lower wages in this occupation due to the devaluation of its prestige. It uses the German reunification as a natural experiment to establish causal effects, relying on the different occupational distributions of East and West German women.
Campo scientifico
Parole chiave
Programma(i)
Argomento(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
ERC-COG - Consolidator GrantIstituzione ospitante
60323 Frankfurt Am Main
Germania