Urban carbon dioxide Flux Monitoring using Eddy Covariance and Earth Observation

Descrizione del progetto

Nuovi metodi per misurare le emissioni di CO2 nelle città

Nelle città viene generato più del 70 % delle emissioni globali di CO2. Per valutare il successo delle misure intraprese per ridurre le emissioni di gas a effetto serra, è necessario effettuare un monitoraggio delle stesse. Il progetto diFUME creerà una metodologia per la mappatura e il monitoraggio dell’effettivo flusso urbano di CO2 nella città svizzera di Basilea, avvalendosi delle sue infrastrutture uniche e di un decennio di misurazioni in situ e osservazioni satellitari. Esso applicherà e valuterà modelli indipendenti per effettuare una stima del ciclo urbano del carbonio, che comprende emissioni generate dall’edilizia, emissioni del traffico e aerazione del terreno. L’obiettivo finale è sostenere strategie di urbanistica sostenibile.

Obiettivo

Monitoring CO2 emissions of urban areas has become a necessity for sustainable urban planning and climate change mitigation. The current urban inventories are based on top-down approaches that use fuel and electricity consumption statistics for determining CO2 emissions. Such approaches present consistency issues, neglect the biogenic components of the urban carbon cycle (i.e. vegetation, soil) and have restricted spatial and temporal resolution. The main goal of diFUME is to provide a robust methodology for mapping and monitoring the actual urban CO2 flux at optimum spatial and temporal scales, meaningful for urban design decisions. diFUME will develop, apply and evaluate independent models, capable to estimate all the different components of the urban carbon cycle (i.e. building emissions, traffic emissions, human metabolism, photosynthetic uptake, plant respiration, soil respiration). An innovative interdisciplinary methodology will be introduced, combining two cutting-edge technology tools, the Eddy Covariance (EC) and the latest advances in Earth Observation (EO). EC provides continuous in-situ measurements of CO2 flux at the local scale. Previous EC applications in urban areas have provided valuable insights on the holistic understanding of the urban CO2 flux according to the source/sink distribution in the highly heterogeneous urban environment. EO offers synoptic and continuous monitoring of large areas, capable of enhanced representation of the urban cover, morphology and function. Combined use of EO and EC can provide enhanced interpretation and modelling capabilities to achieve fine scale mapping and monitoring of urban CO2 flux. diFUME methodology will be developed and applied in the case study of Basel, exploiting the unique infrastructure and long-term urban EC measurements. diFUME methodology can be transferable to any city, providing an independent toolbox for consistent urban CO2 emission monitoring, supporting sustainable urban planning strategies.