Descripción del proyecto
Mejora del conocimiento de la diversidad microbiana del planeta
Los microbios son seres vivos minúsculos que no se pueden observar a simple vista, son ubicuos y desempeñan un papel fundamental en el mantenimiento del equilibrio de nutrientes y productos de desecho en la bioesfera. Además, son importantes para la conservación del medio ambiente natural ya que regulan los ciclos biogeoquímicos. El objetivo del proyecto financiado con fondos europeos ERMADA es analizar y determinar la diversidad microbiana de la Tierra mediante el empleo de la bioinformática y algoritmos de aprendizaje automático. En concreto, se proporcionará información sobre la composición y la estructura del microbioma a diferentes niveles taxonómicos y linajes. Además, se creará un registro completo de la huella de la diversidad microbiana actual del planeta.
Objetivo
The estimated number of microbes on our planet outnumbers the stars of the Milky Way galaxy and their biomass exceeds that of all plants and animals. Out of the 10^12 microbial species, only around 10^4 have been cultured, less than 10^5 species are represented by classified sequences, and a staggering estimated 99% of these microorganisms remain taxonomically unknown. Metagenomic shotgun sequencing has emerged as the most prevalent way of studying and classifying microorganisms from various habitats whereas genome analysis can be used to uncover the functions of genes, enzymes and metabolic pathways in a microbial community. This painstaking effort is crucial to understanding Earth's biodiversity, as microbes play important roles in regulating the planet’s biogeochemical cycles through processes that govern nutrient circulation in both terrestrial and marine environments. In this proposal, we will employ cutting edge bioinformatics and machine learning algorithms to analyze and elucidate Earth’s microbial diversity. We will use deep neural networks trained by large volumes of metagenomic sequences as well as big data methods to process hundreds of terabytes of data and taxonomically classify all uncharacterized metagenomic samples, by identifying their origins and habitats. Going beyond the capacities of conventional sequence similarity and comparison analyses, neural network models can capture higher level, abstract defining features and patterns in metagenomic sequences. The aim of this study is twofold: i) to gain a deeper understanding of the composition and structure of the microbiome at different rank levels and lineages and ii) to provide a complete record of the planet’s present microbial diversity footprint. The latter can serve as a reference dataset for future studies pertaining to microbiome evolution due to climate change or other long-term environmental factors.
Ámbito científico
- natural sciencescomputer and information sciencesdata sciencebig data
- natural sciencesphysical sciencesastronomyplanetary sciencesplanets
- natural sciencescomputer and information sciencesartificial intelligencemachine learningdeep learning
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesmicrobiology
- natural sciencescomputer and information sciencesartificial intelligencecomputational intelligence
Palabras clave
Programa(s)
Régimen de financiación
MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Coordinador
16672 Vari-Athens
Grecia