Descrizione del progetto
Lavoro di squadra per ridurre gli errori medici
L’Organizzazione mondiale della sanità stima che il danno al paziente sia la quattordicesima causa principale del carico globale di malattia, simile per impatto alla tubercolosi e alla malaria. Un evento avverso che provoca un danno al paziente è l’errore diagnostico (diagnosi errata o ritardata), che in pronto soccorso raggiunge percentuali del 35 %. Il progetto TeamUp, finanziato dall’UE, lavorerà per migliorare la diagnosi basata sul lavoro di squadra al fine di ridurre gli errori diagnostici. In particolare, identificherà i meccanismi e presenterà i vantaggi in termini di prestazioni della squadra nel processo decisionale diagnostico. Esso troverà inoltre modi efficaci per combinare il lavoro individuale con il lavoro di squadra e i modelli di interazione che rendono le squadre efficienti. Il progetto condurrà esperimenti al computer con il coinvolgimento di studenti di medicina e realizzerà uno studio di simulazione che coinvolgerà vere e proprie squadre di emergenza.
Obiettivo
According to the European Commission’s report „Patient Safety and Quality of Care“ (2014), each year, 8 to 12% of hospitalized patients suffer from adverse events, mostly diagnostic errors. Environments such as the emergency room are particularly vulnerable with up to 35% diagnostic errors. Research into how to reduce diagnostic errors has so far focused on how to train, educate, or technically support the individual physician—thus largely neglecting an integral aspect of clinical diagnosis: its collaborative character. In fact, the National Academy of Medicine has only recently suggested that teamwork is key to reduce the unacceptably high incidence of diagnostic error worldwide (2015).
The goal of the project “TeamUp” is to advance the understanding of decision processes in teams in uncertain environments such as the emergency room, and ultimately, to inform theory-based interventions to achieve diagnostic excellence. In detail, to scrutinize the determinants of high diagnostic accuracy, the project aims to (1) identify mechanisms and locate performance benefits of teams in the diagnostic decision process, (2) find effective ways to combine individual with teamwork, (3) identify interaction patterns that render teams successful, and (4) to transfer findings to teaching material for dissemination among end-users. To deliver these aims, the project draws on three research streams, namely judgment and decision making, small group research and diagnostic error research, which are so far largely unconnected. “TeamUp” contains two computer-based experiments involving medical students, a simulation study involving real emergency teams, and a dedicated dissemination phase. The project will lead to a reduction of diagnostic errors, avoid unnecessary treatments, save healthcare costs, and ultimately enhance patient safety.
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Meccanismo di finanziamento
MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Coordinatore
3012 Bern
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