Assessment of air pollutant emissions from low-carbon fuels in the heavy-duty, aviation, and maritime sectors

Low- or zero-carbon fuels proposed for use in the next decade can be covered, however the priority is on fuels that have already been demonstrated in real world applications or are foreseen to gain market share according to the projections made in the context of the ‘Fit for 55’ package.

A complete polluting emissions speciation should be performed in different working conditions encountered in real use. Therefore, the pollutants expected to be quantified should go beyond the list of the currently regulated ones.

Since accessing ships and aircrafts for testing is not straightforward, and no fuel or engine development work should be funded in the proposals, cooperation with existing projects where such fuels are tested is expected.

A study of possible mitigation actions should focus on any new pollutants that have a high toxicity, a high global warming potential, or both.

The potential from upstream emissions and of secondary pollutants formation in the atmosphere deriving from the new emissions should also be considered and quantified. Any trade-offs between GHG effects over the next 20-year period, health and other environmental impacts should be identified and assessed.

The projects should assess impacts on human health, in particular those of any emerging pollutants.

In consideration of the above, proposals should address all the aforementioned aspects and issues in order to achieve the expected outcomes