Periodic Reporting for period 1 - SpinPVK (Photon induced Spintronics on Hybrid Organic-inorganic Perovskites: Effect of Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupling)
Okres sprawozdawczy: 2021-07-26 do 2023-07-25
Today, novel and innovative concepts such as hybrid organic inorganic perovskite (HOIPs)-based photovoltaics/optoelectronics are emerging, allowing for radically new device applications with high economic prospects. Promising spintronic device concepts are based on the unique spin-related optoelectronic properties of HOIPs which includes the strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC), large-scale Rashba splitting, magneto-optical effect, a large Stark effect, triplet formation and polarized light-related effects. These behaviours offer the possibilities of developing new ways to control the performance of integrated optoelectronic devices through spin interactions between the photons and electrons. These studies could find applications ranging from high-density data storage to nano scale magnetic sensors for biotech and health applications. As a basis for all future applications, industry requires reliable measurement capabilities. Here, the SOC, Rashba effect and spin-degeneracy are explicitly listed as specific challenges for spin-HOIPs that need advanced scientific characterizations. More recently, a new branch of spintronics based on HOIPs has evolved, called spin-optoelectronics, being a combination of photons, spin and electrons. Combinations of spin-electron and spin-photon based SOC, Rashba and magnetic-optic effects are allowing new device concepts with promising applications. However, many of these theoretical concepts are yet to be tested experimentally, and there is therefore a scientific need to test and validate theoretical predictions. Since, we need to develop metrology tools and methods for reliable measurements to enable future applications.
The societal implications of these studies are profound. The potential applications span a wide range, from high-density data storage to nano-scale magnetic sensors for biotech and health applications. As society increasingly relies on advanced technologies for data storage, healthcare, and scientific advancements, the outcomes of these studies could have far-reaching effects on our daily lives.
However, for these innovations to be integrated into practical applications, reliable measurement capabilities are crucial for industry. Specific challenges, such as spin-orbit coupling, Rashba effects, and spin-degeneracy, need advanced scientific characterizations to ensure the robustness and viability of future applications. The development of metrology tools and methods becomes a societal imperative to facilitate the translation of theoretical concepts into tangible technologies that can benefit various sectors.
The main goals of this SpinPVK project are to observe the Rashba effect in HOIP spin-photovoltaic devices by magnetic current measurement under light illuminations. Scientific and technical specific objectives: This project addresses fundamental research and enabling metrology
for studying photon induced spintronics behaviour in HOIPs spin-based devices with the following specific objectives:
✓ To obtain the high magneto-current and improve photovoltaic performance in 2D/3D HOIP by altering the magnetization configuration of the two ferro-magnetic electrodes from parallel to antiparallel (spin-PV).
✓ To study the spin splitting (Rashba) of 2D/3D HOIP observed from the helicity-dependent steady state photocurrent by using the circular photogalvanic effect (CPGE).
✓ To enhance the magnetoconductivity (~ open circuit voltage) by the effect of controlled light intensities (Spin- LED).
✓ To reduce the pinholes, impurities, traps and to improve the spin transport in HOIPs by decreasing the magnetoresistance (SV-GMR)
The societal implications of these studies are profound. The potential applications span a wide range, from high-density data storage to nano-scale magnetic sensors for biotech and health applications. As society increasingly relies on advanced technologies for data storage, healthcare, and scientific advancements, the outcomes of these studies could have far-reaching effects on our daily lives.
However, for these innovations to be integrated into practical applications, reliable measurement capabilities are crucial for industry. Specific challenges, such as spin-orbit coupling, Rashba effects, and spin-degeneracy, need advanced scientific characterizations to ensure the robustness and viability of future applications. The development of metrology tools and methods becomes a societal imperative to facilitate the translation of theoretical concepts into tangible technologies that can benefit various sectors.
The main goals of this SpinPVK project are to observe the Rashba effect in HOIP spin-photovoltaic devices by magnetic current measurement under light illuminations. Scientific and technical specific objectives: This project addresses fundamental research and enabling metrology
for studying photon induced spintronics behaviour in HOIPs spin-based devices with the following specific objectives:
✓ To obtain the high magneto-current and improve photovoltaic performance in 2D/3D HOIP by altering the magnetization configuration of the two ferro-magnetic electrodes from parallel to antiparallel (spin-PV).
✓ To study the spin splitting (Rashba) of 2D/3D HOIP observed from the helicity-dependent steady state photocurrent by using the circular photogalvanic effect (CPGE).
✓ To enhance the magnetoconductivity (~ open circuit voltage) by the effect of controlled light intensities (Spin- LED).
✓ To reduce the pinholes, impurities, traps and to improve the spin transport in HOIPs by decreasing the magnetoresistance (SV-GMR)
To enhance the magnetic properties of organic-inorganic halide perovskites, materials based on APbI3 (A = Cs, methyl ammonium, formamidinium) were doped with magnetic cations at different concentration rates. Alternatively, lead-free perovskites were also prepared and applied in solar cell devices. The magnetic and solar cell performances of the resulting devices were systematically studied using various characterization techniques to assess the structural and morphological changes induced by the dopants together with the performance under light irradiation.
Similarly, to advance the performance of halide perovskite-based Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), lead perovskite were doped with magnetic cations and applied for the fabrication of LEDs. Systematic analysis of increasing the doping rates were done. The structural characterization did not show major changes; however, the optoelectronic analysis indicated the enhancement of the light emission upon doping at an optimized concentration.
For Spintronics applications, a Giant Magneto Resistance (GMR) device was fabricated on semiconducting substrates (STO) utilizing different magnetic materials. The GMR device exhibited a structure of STO/LSMO/CH3NH3PbBr3/Co/Au. The magnetic properties and interface effects of LSMO/SiO2/Si and LSMO/STO with varying thicknesses were also investigated.
All the aforementioned devices underwent thorough structural, morphological, optical, and magnetic property characterizations. Techniques such as XRD, FESEM, HRTEM, UV-vis, PL, time-resolved PL, AFM, VSM, SQUID, impedance analysis, IPCE, I-V, and J-V characteristics were employed to gain a comprehensive understanding of their properties.
Similarly, to advance the performance of halide perovskite-based Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), lead perovskite were doped with magnetic cations and applied for the fabrication of LEDs. Systematic analysis of increasing the doping rates were done. The structural characterization did not show major changes; however, the optoelectronic analysis indicated the enhancement of the light emission upon doping at an optimized concentration.
For Spintronics applications, a Giant Magneto Resistance (GMR) device was fabricated on semiconducting substrates (STO) utilizing different magnetic materials. The GMR device exhibited a structure of STO/LSMO/CH3NH3PbBr3/Co/Au. The magnetic properties and interface effects of LSMO/SiO2/Si and LSMO/STO with varying thicknesses were also investigated.
All the aforementioned devices underwent thorough structural, morphological, optical, and magnetic property characterizations. Techniques such as XRD, FESEM, HRTEM, UV-vis, PL, time-resolved PL, AFM, VSM, SQUID, impedance analysis, IPCE, I-V, and J-V characteristics were employed to gain a comprehensive understanding of their properties.
The SpinPVK project has achieved the following milestones:
• Refinement and optimization of the observed effects for practical application.
• Further enhancement of spin-related properties in HOIP-based devices.
• Validation and expansion of theoretical concepts through additional experimental tests.
• Development of metrology tools and methods for reliable measurements in photon-induced spintronics.
Potential Impacts and Socio-Economic Implications:
The societal implications of the SpinPVK project are vast and multifaceted:
• Technological Advancements: The project's outcomes could lead to the development of advanced technologies for high-density data storage and nano-scale magnetic sensors in biotech and healthcare applications.
• Economic Prospects: The innovative concepts explored in SpinPVK have the potential to open new avenues for economic growth through the development and commercialization of spintronic devices.
• Scientific Advancements: The project contributes to the scientific understanding of spin-related optoelectronic properties, paving the way for future breakthroughs in spintronics and photon-induced spin behaviors.
• Industry Relevance: Reliable measurement capabilities developed in the project are crucial for the integration of these innovations into practical applications, ensuring robust and viable technologies.
Overall, this SpinPVK project not only pushes the boundaries of scientific knowledge but also holds the promise of impactful applications with far-reaching consequences for society, technology, and the economy. The project's potential socio-economic impact underscores the importance of continued research in the emerging field of photon-induced spintronics.
• Refinement and optimization of the observed effects for practical application.
• Further enhancement of spin-related properties in HOIP-based devices.
• Validation and expansion of theoretical concepts through additional experimental tests.
• Development of metrology tools and methods for reliable measurements in photon-induced spintronics.
Potential Impacts and Socio-Economic Implications:
The societal implications of the SpinPVK project are vast and multifaceted:
• Technological Advancements: The project's outcomes could lead to the development of advanced technologies for high-density data storage and nano-scale magnetic sensors in biotech and healthcare applications.
• Economic Prospects: The innovative concepts explored in SpinPVK have the potential to open new avenues for economic growth through the development and commercialization of spintronic devices.
• Scientific Advancements: The project contributes to the scientific understanding of spin-related optoelectronic properties, paving the way for future breakthroughs in spintronics and photon-induced spin behaviors.
• Industry Relevance: Reliable measurement capabilities developed in the project are crucial for the integration of these innovations into practical applications, ensuring robust and viable technologies.
Overall, this SpinPVK project not only pushes the boundaries of scientific knowledge but also holds the promise of impactful applications with far-reaching consequences for society, technology, and the economy. The project's potential socio-economic impact underscores the importance of continued research in the emerging field of photon-induced spintronics.