The COALition project supports the EU’s sustainable energy transition by targeting coal-dependent regions (Western Macedonia–GR, Centru–RO, Southeastern–BG). Aligned with the EU Green Deal, it addresses the socioeconomic challenges caused by coal industry decline through strategies that promote innovation, economic diversification, and social cohesion.
During the reporting period, a Joint R&I Strategy was developed and validated through regional analyses, stakeholder consultations, and evidence-based planning, identifying shared priorities such as renewable energy integration, energy storage, smart grids, and climate adaptation. 3 R&I pilot projects—Integrating Renewable Energy Sources (RES) (PV) in terrestrial habitats (TENTER, SE-BG), Electrification of Agriculture using RES (PV) (CA, WM-GR), and Transformation and Storage of RES, (solar into heat, into electricity) (ORCS, C-RO)—demonstrated technical viability, environmental benefits, and scalability, supported by Life Cycle Assessments, and publications.
Also, a unified methodology was created for a Joint Action Plan (JAP) to define regional actions, ensure alignment with national policies, and engage stakeholders through policy dialogues, including flagship initiatives such as energy communities and SME-focused measures. Furthermore, a methodology for selecting 30 high-impact pilot and demonstration projects was established, evaluating strategic relevance, environmental impact, scalability, and integration potential across 4 thematic areas: clean energy, efficiency, digital technologies, and inclusive transition.
The project strengthened workforce and ecosystem capacity through online courses, workshops, vocational training, staff mobility, innovation missions, and coaching. A labor market survey shaped 16 thematic training modules, with 638 participants completing courses and over 200 individuals engaged in hands-on training in renewable energy, digital tools, and entrepreneurship. Staff exchanges and innovation missions promoted knowledge transfer and fostered quadruple helix collaboration, building strong regional innovation networks. Complementary actions, including a visual identity, online platform, and active social media presence, enhanced outreach and engagement. The initiatives built a strong foundation for a sustainable and resilient transition in coal-dependent regions by advancing planning, innovation, stakeholder engagement, and capacity building.
