Descrizione del progetto
Monitoraggio dei big data per prevenire il crimine
Il progetto BIGDATPOL, finanziato dal CER, emerge come un faro per il futuro della prevenzione del crimine in Europa. I modelli di polizia basati sui big data incorporano variabili come i dati sulla criminalità, i fattori socioeconomici e le caratteristiche di opportunità, nonché fonti di big data come le immagini o i dati dei telefoni cellulari, evidenziando così la necessità di una comprensione olistica di questi modelli. Affrontando l’attuale panorama disarticolato del monitoraggio dei big data, il progetto cerca di unire le competenze, promuovere la coesione interdisciplinare e sostenere standard scientifici rigorosi. Di conseguenza, esso intende armonizzare gli aspetti statistici, criminologici, economici, legali ed etici in un modello basato su dati concreti, contribuendo a un futuro più sicuro ed equo per le nostre comunità. Questo approccio sfrutta i dati storici per prevedere e anticipare i potenziali punti caldi della criminalità, ottimizzando le risorse della polizia e, in ultima analisi, riducendo i tassi di criminalità.
Obiettivo
Big data policing is an innovative strategy that uses historical data to forecast when and where there is a high risk of new crime events in order to use police resources more efficiently and proactively, and ultimately reduce crime rates. Big data policing models can consist of variables based on crime data available in police databases (e.g. previous crime events), socio-economic data (e.g. poverty index, residential mobility), opportunity characteristics (e.g. the presence of shops, distance to nearest highway), data from new technologies (e.g. intelligent cameras) and other known predictors of crime (e.g. police patrol intensity).
However, there are several research gaps that need to be addressed. First, knowledge about and expertise in big data policing in Europe is currently fragmented. Second, there is a lack of interdisciplinarity with regard to big data policing studies, and yet the involvement of several disciplines is required when studying the issue. Third, there is a lack of scientific evaluations of big data policing models.
The overarching objective of this ERC project is to unite and integrate the statistical-methodological, criminological, legal and ethical dimensions of big data policing in an evidence-based model that will be tested by different randomized controlled trials and built on the principles of an international (i.e. European) and interdisciplinary approach. The latter aim should be enabled by incorporating and conducting different PhD tracks focusing on these specific dimensions, which should allow better knowledge, insights and understanding of big data policing to be developed. This approach is innovative and radically different from the existing commercial and economic initiatives, which lack transparency on their predictive reliability and validity, effectiveness and legal and ethical safeguards.
Campo scientifico
Parole chiave
Programma(i)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Argomento(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
HORIZON-ERC - HORIZON ERC GrantsIstituzione ospitante
9000 Gent
Belgio