Periodic Reporting for period 1 - PhyDAWN (Physics-informed Data-driven Analysis for Wind Power Hubs)
Okres sprawozdawczy: 2023-07-01 do 2025-06-30
To address the climate challenge and energy crisis, the European Union (EU) is transitioning to carbon neutrality, with wind power as the key driver. To fully exploit EU’s offshore wind resources, the strategy of constructing wind power hub has been devised and implemented recently, especially in Denmark. However, integration of numerous power converters in wind power hub forms a sophisticated system and becomes difficult to analyse. This PhyDAWN project aims to tackle these challenges by developing physics-informed data-driven modelling and stability assessment methodologies for wind power hub. Firstly, effective small-signal impedance model of voltage source converters has been developed considering different selection of reference frames, making modelling and stability analysis of large-scale converter integration possible. Next, data-driven aggregated model for multiple converters has been proposed, improving modelling scalability under insufficient data and enabling rapid stability assessment. Then, the stability of wind power hub has be assessed, revealing new types of instability phenomenon and providing insights for converter controller design. This project has been carried out by me, my supervisor at Aalborg University, and my secondment supervisor at KTH Royal Institute of Technology. Through our collaborations, this project has created novel knowledge for wind power hubs, leading to three papers published in top-tier journals and three papers presented at flagship conferences. A software toolbox is also being developed for fully exploitation of the research outcomes in the industry, which is expected to be released on Aug. 2025. Communication activities are also carried out as expected, expanding the impact of this project to the general public and committing EU’s carbon neutrality ambition. By applying the research outcomes of this project in the industry, the stability of offshore wind power hubs can be guaranteed, enabling future reliable integration of wind energy resources in the Europe. This project can also help raise the public awareness of climate change and energy crisis, and our current efforts on addressing these challenges by renewable energy.
The work performed can be summarized as follows:
◆Impedance modelling of voltage source converter (VSC) (OBJ1): VSCs are widely used as power interfaces in wind power hubs due to their flexibility and controllability. This project has developed a new impedance model for VSC regarding different reference frame selection, forming the basis for subsequent aggregated modelling and system stability assessment. This observation enables efficient modeling and analysis of large-scale power converter integration in the future. Two papers have been published in IEEE TPEL and IEEE ECCE related to this objective.
◆Aggregated modelling for wind power hubs (OBJ2): Inspired by the VSC modelling in OBJ1, a scalable aggregated model for wind power hub has been developed by aggregating individual VSC models based on data-driven technologies. Features have been used to characterize the VSC dynamics, providing a more effective modeling strategy. Two papers have been published in IEEE TPEL and IEEE APEC related to this objective.
◆Stability assessment for wind power hubs (OBJ3): Based on the modelling methods in OBJ1 and OBJ2, this objective has realized stability assessment for wind power hubs considering the operating uncertainties, providing insights for stable operation of wind power hubs. A novel instability phenomenon at low PLL bandwidth has been discovered for the first time in the literature. Two papers have been published in IEEE TPEL and IEEE PESGM related to this objective.
◆Impedance modelling of voltage source converter (VSC) (OBJ1): VSCs are widely used as power interfaces in wind power hubs due to their flexibility and controllability. This project has developed a new impedance model for VSC regarding different reference frame selection, forming the basis for subsequent aggregated modelling and system stability assessment. This observation enables efficient modeling and analysis of large-scale power converter integration in the future. Two papers have been published in IEEE TPEL and IEEE ECCE related to this objective.
◆Aggregated modelling for wind power hubs (OBJ2): Inspired by the VSC modelling in OBJ1, a scalable aggregated model for wind power hub has been developed by aggregating individual VSC models based on data-driven technologies. Features have been used to characterize the VSC dynamics, providing a more effective modeling strategy. Two papers have been published in IEEE TPEL and IEEE APEC related to this objective.
◆Stability assessment for wind power hubs (OBJ3): Based on the modelling methods in OBJ1 and OBJ2, this objective has realized stability assessment for wind power hubs considering the operating uncertainties, providing insights for stable operation of wind power hubs. A novel instability phenomenon at low PLL bandwidth has been discovered for the first time in the literature. Two papers have been published in IEEE TPEL and IEEE PESGM related to this objective.
This project PhyDAWN aims to develop a cutting-edge physics-informed data-driven framework for wind power hub analysis. The project has been focusing not only on delivering a bottom-up data-driven modelling and stability assessment method for wind power hubs, but also on figuring out the proper combination point for the physical mechanisms and data features to enhance effectiveness of the method. The research outcomes have fulfilled the expectations in the proposal. Using the developed physics-informed machine learning approach, accurate VSC model can be derived and an effective and scalable aggregated model for wind power hub can be developed with limited amount of measurement data. Stability assessment for wind power hubs can also be conducted to enhance system stability and efficiency. By integrating physical regulations into data-driven analysis, robustness of the designed methods can be ensured for diverse operating situations in practices. The project can be groundbreaking in electrical engineering and can provide a powerful analysing tool for wind power hubs, enhancing power grid stability and efficiency in bordering European nations. Six papers on top-tier journals and conferences have been published, bringing about novel knowledge to the research community. Furthermore, a commercial software on stability analysis of power-electronic-based power system will also be released recently, reflecting the impact of this project to the industry. This project has also strengthened my career prospect and has positioned me as a leading independent researcher. The supervision from two renowned scientists in electrical engineering and control science has also deeply shaped me career path, enabling me to become an assistant professor at world-famous university immediately after this project.