Forest fungi represent a major biodiversity component of terrestrial ecosystems, including Mediterranean forests, in terms of both taxonomic and functional diversity, and contribute to key ecosystem processes and services. Whereas fungal diversity affects ecosystem services and dynamics, the opposite is also true. The interactions between environmental and anthropogenic drivers such as climatic variation, atmospheric deposition and soil characteristics, coupled with forest dynamics and disturbances, determine fungal diversity and community structure depending on the functional traits, ecological strategies and habitat preferences of forest fungi. MultiFUNGtionality focused on filling the existing gaps in knowledge in order to understand and predict how environmental and anthropogenic drivers shape Mediterranean forest fungal diversity and communities, and the subsequent impact in the provision of multiple ecosystem services within an adaptive forest management-oriented framework. The project results confirmed the extreme relevance of the climate and weather on the fungal communities’ composition. The project predicts that the expected driest and warmest climate in the Mediterranean forest ecosystem will have relevant impacts on fungal dynamics, consequently affecting their related ecosystem services. To summarize: our results confirmed the direct impact of global change on societal well-being due to alterations in fungal communities that are key players in capturing carbon in the soil, supporting forest health and diversity, and more concretely, influencing other relevant ecosystem services such as mushroom picking activities. Forest management should act as a tool for minimizing such impacts.