Projektbeschreibung
Detaillierte Beschreibung von Agrochemikalien in unseren Ackerböden
Während der Schwerpunkt in Bezug auf Luftverschmutzung und Klimawandel häufig auf Kohlendioxid liegt, wirken sich der Nitratgehalt und die Erzeugung von Distickstoffmonoxid in Ackerböden direkt auf Menschen sowie andere lebende Organismen aus und haben schwerwiegende Auswirkungen auf die Umwelt. Genaue reaktive Transportmodelle in verschiedenen Ackerböden sind erforderlich, um die chemischen Prozesse des Abbaus von Agrochemikalien und anderen Nitratquellen sowie die damit verbundene Erzeugung des starken Treibhausgases Distickstoffmonoxid zu verstehen. Das EU-finanzierte Projekt RW3D-US verbessert aktuelle numerische Modelle. Forschende wenden neuartige mathematische Methoden an, die reaktive Systeme genauer simulieren und Schlüsselprozesse hervorheben. Bessere Modelle werden für unser Verständnis sowie die Bewältigung von Oberflächen- und Grundwasserverschmutzung unverzichtbar sein und das Bewusstsein für die möglichen Auswirkungen auf das Klima schärfen.
Ziel
During the fellowship, the experienced researcher Christopher V. Henri and his supervisors Anker Lajer Højberg and Jens Christian Refsgaard of the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) will lead an effort improving the prediction of nitrate levels and of the production of nitrous oxide in soils by developing advanced and accurate modeling techniques. The widespread use of agrochemicals has led to the contamination of many surface and groundwater bodies around the world. Nitrate is a highly problematic contaminant due to its adverse effect on human health and on ecosystems. Understanding the fate of nitrate in the subsurface is, however complex. Indeed, the pollutant undergoes in many cases a sequential biochemically induced degradation, which will reduce levels but also produce nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse gas. Today, numerical models are essential in the management of such groundwater contamination. Yet, virtually all available numerical solutions for reactive transport in soils use Eulerian methods that present serious numerical issues, which significantly reduce their applicability. The proposed project will represent a breakthrough in our representation of reactive transport in unsaturated soils by developing a stable and reliable Lagrangian method able to simulate reactive systems as the Nitrate biodegradation. The method will also allow to identify key processes triggering reactions in soils, which is primordial to improve our management of groundwater contaminations and to better understand the implication that the subsurface production of nitrous oxide can potentially have on climate. The project will also allow the high-potential applicant to secure a position in Europe and the world-class host institution to maintain excellence through a series transfer of knowledge, training and communication strategy.
Wissenschaftliches Gebiet
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MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Koordinator
1350 Kobenhavn K
Dänemark