SOLBIOCHEM allowed the following work to be performed over the two years of the action:
(i) Setup of a reproducible two-compartment electrocatalysis H-cell for biomass valorisation with in-line gas product analysis.
(ii) Synthesis and performance analysis of a range of earth-abundant metal-based electrocatalysts for furanic compounds conversion.
(iii) Development and optimisation of micro-structured copper electrodes capable of reducing furfural at potentials as low as -0.2 V vs RHE and with current densities in the order of 10 mA.cm-2 for a 0.01M furfural solution. These electrodes are capable of converting furfural to furfuryl alcohol at neutral pH with a 100% selectivity, and ro methylfuran in acidic pH with a 80% selectivity (the remaining 20% being furfuryl alcohol). Due to the volatility and non-solubility of methylfuran in water it is however readily separated from the alcohol and can be recovered selectively in a cold trap at the outlet of the electrolyser.
(iv) Testing of CIGS photocathodes with state-of-the-art performances for future coupling with copper-based reduction electrocatalysts for furfural reduction (reaching 30 mA.cm-2 at 0V vs RHE).
(v) Preliminary exploration of HMF oxidation on nano-structured nickel anodes for future coupling with furfural reduction.
(vi) Performance of in-situ NAP-XPS (unprecedented for biomass electrolysis) and Raman spectroscopy experiments to gain mechanistic insight in the processes at hand. In particular, in-situ NAP-XPS allows to analyse the evolution of the carbon signal related to adsorbed molecules on the surface of the electrodes as a function of the applied potential. This signal can be deconvoluted into the different oxidation states of the carbon corresponding to different functional groups of the molecule.
The results obtained on furfural reduction on structured copper electrodes will be the object of a scientific publication shortly. Other results will serve as a strong basis for a second study corresponding to the development of a solar-powered device for the conversion of biomass-derived furanic compounds.
Moreover, dissemination towards young researchers and student and the genereal public was performe during the action, in particular with:
(i) The participation in the organisation of the Winter School CatEnerChem (
https://catenerchem.cpe.fr/(odnośnik otworzy się w nowym oknie)) with high-profile scientific guests from the research fields of catalysis, but also experts from social sciences (economists, philosophers, sociologists) to discuss in-depth the place of chemistry in the energy transition and what are realistic avenues for the decarbonation of the chemical industry.
(ii) The participation the festival Yggdrasil "Demain mais en mieux" (translation: "tomorrow, but better",
https://demainmaisenmieux.festivalyggdrasil.fr/(odnośnik otworzy się w nowym oknie)) where 25000 people from the general public were able to communicate with researchers of different french institution on their profession and the impact of their work on society and how it can benefit them.
