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Electrochemical methods and electron microscopy observations have allowed analyzing the effect of a preliminary activation treatment on the kinetic behavior of electrodes made of LaNi5-type material. The consequence of this treatment on the high rate capability of the MH electrodes has been investigated in a specially designed electrochemical cell by in situ neutron powder diffraction in deuterated electrolyte. It is shown that the rate capability is determined by electrolyte-electrode interface properties for untreated material, whereas the ion diffusion and the kinetic of the structural phase changes are the limiting factors for the activated material.
In the past metal hydride materials, based on AB5 type alloys have been optimised in regard to their maximum hydrogen storage capacity and their cycling stability in alkaline solutions. During the project the electrochemical reaction kinetics of such alloys could be improved remarkably by application of special powder manufacturing techniques. High kinetics metal hydride alloy powders of the AB5 type system have been manufactured in laboratory scale. The surface active species, responsible for fast reaction kinetics, have been identified. Based on the gained knowledge the manufacturing processes have been scaled up from laboratory to a semi-industrial production scale; a further up-scaling into large industrial scale is in progress.
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