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BASED ON OUR SUCCESSFULLY TESTED TWO-STAGE COAL-LIQUEFACTION PROCESS, A SIMILAR CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR SOLID BIOMASS WASTES SHALL BE DEVELOPED IN THIS PROJECT.
FOR THE CONSTRUCTION IT IS NECESSARY TO KNOW THE MAIN PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA OF THE RAW MATERIALS. IMPORTANT PHYSICALS QUANTITIES FOR THE TWO-PHASE TRANSPORT RELATIONS IN A SUSPENSION ARE THE DENSITIES OF THE SOLVENT AND THE SOLID MATERIALS. IT IS FOUND OUT, THAT THE DENSITIES OF BIOMASS AND COAL ARE ON THE SAME SCALE. FOR THAT REASON THE KNOWLEDGE AND THE FUNDAMENTAL CALCULATION PRINCIPLES FOR THE OPERATION CONDITIONS OF THE COAL-LIQUEFACTION PROCESS, COULD BE TAKEN AS A FIRST APPROXIMATION FOR THE BIOMASS-LIQUEFACTION.
TO OPTIMIZE THE OPERATION CONDITIONS, SOME EXTRACTIONS OF WHEAT STRAW WITH TETRALIN AS SOLVENT ARE CARRIED OUT IN A LABORATORY EQUIPMENT. DURING THESE EXPERIMENTS IT TURNS OUT, THAT THE TEMPERATURE IS THE MAIN QUANTITY FOR CONVERSION AND THE YIELD OF EXTRACT. THE BEST RESULTS ARE REACHED BETWEEN 350 CELSIUS DEGREES AND 400 CELSIUS DEGREES. THE CONVERSION AMOUNTS TO 96 % AND THE YIELD OF EXTRACT COMES AROUND 60 %, RELATED TO THE USED BIOMASS. BESIDES THE EXTRACT, WATER AND GAS ARE FURTHER PRODUCTS OF THIS PROCESS. THE GAS PRINCIPALLY CONSISTS OF CO AND CO2. FOR HIGHER TEMPERATURES AROUND 400 CELSIUS DEGREES IN ADDITION METHANE, ETHANE AND PROPANE ARE FOUND IN LOW CONCENTRATIONS.
AFTER EXPERIMENTS WITH OTHER SOLVENTS, LIKE CHLOROFORM, DIOXANE, TOLUENE AND MIXTURES OF BENZOL AND ETHANOL, IT SEEMS TO BE THAT TETRALIN IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE SOLVENT FOR THIS PROCESS.
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