CORDIS oferuje możliwość skorzystania z odnośników do publicznie dostępnych publikacji i rezultatów projektów realizowanych w ramach programów ramowych HORYZONT.
Odnośniki do rezultatów i publikacji związanych z poszczególnymi projektami 7PR, a także odnośniki do niektórych konkretnych kategorii wyników, takich jak zbiory danych i oprogramowanie, są dynamicznie pobierane z systemu OpenAIRE .
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PASCOOL looked for the scientific gaps in passive cooling techniques as well as ways to increase European knowledge about energy conserving systems to cool buildings. Techniques were developed along with tools to aid both designers and researchers in increasing the use of passive cooling in architecture. A key part of the project has been communicating the results extensively around Europe.
PASCOOL combined a set of related research areas. It did not treat passive cooling as an isolated phenomenon, instead it is included with other aspects of building design to provide an overall environmental design strategy. The Experimental Testing subgroup defined and carried out the experimental work on passive cooling in buildings and developed a database holding all the results obtained. The Model Development subgroup gave accurate and validated methods for the evaluation of the performance of several passive cooling techniques and components, for quantifying their impact in buildings. The Climate subgroup developed a method for calculating the air flow characteristics around buildings and compiled an atlas indicating the potential of natural cooling techniques, namely radiative, evaporative and ground cooling. A diagnostic pre-design assessment procedure to integrate the various research activities and a coherent set of design guidelines were created by the Design Guidelines subgroup.
The project implemented a unique European structure on passive cooling systems. The most important scientific topics were identified and through experimentation, those techniques most appropriate for use in buildings were determined. Seven software tools were developed and guidelines on passive cooling techniques were written. One set of these guidelines is appropriate for a scientific audience while another set has been designed for designers and architects. Final reports cover natural ventilation and thermal mass, solar control, thermal comfort, natural cooling techniques and climatic data.
Underground disposal of carbon dioxide is an option for reducing carbon dioxide emissions. This project demonstrated the feasibility and practicality of underground disposal, and concluded that it is a technically feasible option, although generally too costly under current market conditions. It identified that most European storage capacity is located under the North Sea, at depths of 800 m or more.
The study estimated the quantity and quality of available carbon dioxide from various types of power station, and assessed methods for gas separation and compression. It then evaluated the potential amount of storage capacity available underground for each of the European Union countries and Norway, both on-shore and offshore. The study then identified requirements to ensure safety and stability, and constructed a simulation model of the recovery and disposal of carbon dioxide and possible opportunities for carbon dioxide injection to be used for enhancing hydrocarbon recovery. Finally, a techno-economic model was developed to establish and evaluate costs associated with collection and disposal of carbon dioxide. The study demonstrated the feasibility and practicality of carbon dioxide disposal underground. To separate the carbon dioxide from the power station flue gas is the most costly part of the whole process. Storage could be in deep porous and permeable reservoir rocks, where the free carbon dioxide would be in a dense, supercritical phase at depths of around 800 m or more. Shallow sub-surface storage is impractical. The study identified that approximately 800 GTm of carbon dioxide storage capacity is available in the European Union and Norway. Most of this is located under the North Sea. If, however, carbon dioxide storage can be combined with enhanced oil recovery, then cost credits from the sale of recovered oil could totally defray the costs of carbon dioxide recovery at power stations.
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