Cel
Scale is a perennial cause of defects on rolled products, either directly or as a result of persistent ghost marks. This project builds on previous work to determine optimum processing conditions for special steels (notably ferritic and austenitic stainless steels, micro-alloy strip steels and plate grades), by characterising furnace scale, residual scale after hydraulic de-scaling and scale present after primary rolling.
A simplified empirical scale growth model will facilitate interpolation between different steel types and furnace atmospheres. An FE model of scale growth and deformation will predict scale development during reheating, de-scaling and rolling. The model work will be tested against laboratory and pilot plant trials.