Projektbeschreibung
Molekulare Mechanismen und Dynamik der In-vivo-Umprogrammierung von Gliazellen zu Neuronen
Neuen Studien zufolge lassen sich Gliazellen im Gehirn direkt und in vivo zu Neuronen umprogrammieren, um daraus regenerative Therapien für Neuronen abzuleiten, die durch Verletzungen oder Krankheiten geschädigt sind. Was bei der Umwandlung von Glia- zu neuronalen Zellen auf molekularer Ebene geschieht, ist jedoch kaum erforscht. Finanziert durch die Marie-Skłodowska-Curie-Maßnahmen untersucht das Projekt Neuro-ReprOmics, wie neurogene Faktoren bei der Umprogrammierung von Gliazellen zu Neuronen die Genexpression verändern. Mit einer vordefinierten Kombination von Faktoren, die spezifische Arten von Neuronen erzeugen, sowie Einzelzell-RNA und ATAC-Sequenzierung (transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing) werden Signalwege, Mechanismen und epigenomische Veränderungen dieser Umprogrammierung untersucht.
Ziel
Direct lineage reprogramming of cell identity in the nervous system offers the prospect of remodelling diseased brain circuits. Recent years have provided evidence for the possibility of converting brain glia into neurons in vivo. This may eventually allow to regenerate neurons that have degenerated as a consequence of injury or disease. Yet, the process by which glial cells give up their original identity and adopt a neuronal fate remains by large enigmatic. Moreover, the knowledge of molecular underpinnings of glia-to-neuron conversion is lacunary and virtually nothing is known about the process in vivo. The Berninger laboratory has discovered specific cocktails of reprogramming factors that gives rise to induced neurons in the mouse cerebral cortex, with some cells adopting hallmark features of fast-spiking, parvalbumin-expressing interneurons, a neuronal subtype that is highly vulnerable in neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders. The aim of my project addresses the question of how these neurogenic reprogramming factors remodel gene expression programs as glial cells convert into neurons. Thus, I will utilize defined combinations of reprogramming factors leading to the generation the distinct types of neurons to elucidate how and when the reprogramming trajectories diverge. Towards this end, I will establish single cell RNA sequencing as well as scATAC-seq from cells undergoing conversion in vivo to uncover the transcriptomic and epigenomic changes that drive this process. The outcome of this study is twofold, as this will break new ground in our understanding of how transcription factors can overcome existing cell-specific gene expression programs to induce new cellular identities, and at the same time identify new molecular handles for rendering reprogrammed cells more similar to their endogenous counterparts in an attempt to improve the prospects of using this strategy for brain repair.
Wissenschaftliches Gebiet
Schlüsselbegriffe
Programm/Programme
Thema/Themen
Aufforderung zur Vorschlagseinreichung
Andere Projekte für diesen Aufruf anzeigenFinanzierungsplan
MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Koordinator
WC2R 2LS London
Vereinigtes Königreich