Opis projektu
Badanie mechanizmu bezpłodności u mrówek
Powszechnie obserwowanym, ale nie wyjaśnionym zjawiskiem w koloniach owadów społecznych jest bezpłodność robotnic. Utratę zdolności do reprodukcji tłumaczono dotychczas albo za pomocą hipotezy dominującej monogamii, czyli pośredniego przekazywania genów, albo hipotezy wymuszania współpracy. Zespół finansowanego przez UE projektu AntPolice zbada okoliczności warunkujące bezpłodność robotnic mrówek i określi, która z hipotez jest bardziej prawdopodobna. Badanie to będzie prowadzone na drodze pionierskiej filogenetycznej analizy porównawczej setek gatunków mrówek wraz z nowatorskimi eksperymentami laboratoryjnymi na społecznie polimorficznej mrówce z gatunku Formica exsecta.
Cel
The sterile worker castes found in the colonies of social insects are often cited as archetypal examples of altruism in nature. The challenge is to explain why losing the ability to reproduce has evolved as a superior strategy for transmitting genes into future generations. The leading explanation for the evolution of worker sterility is the monogamy hypothesis. The idea is that workers don't need to reproduce because they can transmit their genes indirectly by improving the reproductive success of the queen, who carries the same genes. For this to work, the queen should be monogamously mated, ensuring workers are raising full siblings, the genetic equivalent of their own young (r = 0.5). There has been no appropriate test of this hypothesis, however, and an alternative hypothesis, that worker sterility evolved via the enforcement of cooperation by policing, has not been ruled out. According to the policing hypothesis, workers suppress each other's reproduction by eating each other’s eggs or through aggression, leading to sterility through evolutionary time. Crucially, policing is predicted to evolve when relatedness is low, in contrast to the monogamy hypothesis.
Here, I propose an interdisciplinary approach that combines a cutting-edge phylogenetic comparative analysis across ~500 ant species with novel lab-based experiments on the socially polymorphic ant, Formica exsecta, to test between the low and high relatedness evolutionary pathways to worker sterility. Contrary to common belief, workers in most ant species can lay eggs due to their haplodiploid sex determination system, making them an ideal system for answering this question. This project will fill a crucial gap in our knowledge of how complex life on Earth evolved and potentially overturn the long-held hypothesis that high relatedness is the only route to cooperation.
Dziedzina nauki
Słowa kluczowe
Program(-y)
- HORIZON.1.2 - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) Main Programme
Zaproszenie do składania wniosków
Zobacz inne projekty w ramach tego zaproszeniaSystem finansowania
HORIZON-TMA-MSCA-PF-EF - HORIZON TMA MSCA Postdoctoral Fellowships - European FellowshipsKoordynator
90014 Oulu
Finlandia