Modem has achieved several important progresses beyond the state of the art. (i) We have designed and fabrictaed devices able to tailor light delivery geometry with the anatomy of the brain region of interest, enabling neuroscientists to better target the sub-region of interest [Nature Neuroscience 20, 1180 (2017), Micro Electronic Engineering 195, 41 (2018), Scientific Reports 8, 4467 (2018)]. (ii) We have developed a method to optically monitor neural activity with depth resolution in sub-cortical structures, a feature unique to our technology [Nature Methods 16 1185 (2019), Biomedical Optics Express 12, 993 (2021), APL Photonics 7, 026106 (2022)] as well as pure mode-division demultiplexing. (iii) We have realized one of the first prototypes of plasmonic neural implants, e.g. implantable optical systems able to excite surface plasmon resonances on a system that can be implanted into the brain [Advanced Optical Materials 10, 2101649 (2022)]. (iv) We have developed several methods to pattern non-planar surfaces with non-constant radious of curvature, including focused ion beam milling of the taper edge on >100µm^2 and <50nm resolution [Advanced Optical Materials 10, 2101649 (2022)], focused ion beam deposition of extracellular recording electrodes [Peer reviewed paper accepted for publication], feedback-assisted multiphoton ablation of tapered waveguides [Optics Express 28 21368 (2020)] and non-planar two-photon photopolymerization electrodes [Peer reviewed article in press]. (v) We have implemented a method to identify the photometry efficiecny three-dimensional diagram of implanted systems by direct combination of light delivery and light collection fields [Frontiers in Neuroscience 13, 82 (2019)]. (vi) We have identified how the photometry efficiency field gets modified by the anatomy and optical properties of different brain structures [Biomedical Optics Express 12, 6081 (2021)].
